NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH MÀNG TRONG Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH NON THÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021-2022

Abstract

Background: Hyaline Membrane Disease was the most common disease and the leading cause of death in premature infants. Treatment requires a combination of surfactant, respiratory support and treatment of associated disorders when indicated. Objectives: 1) To describe some related factors, clinical and paraclinical characteristics in pediatric patients with Hyaline Membrane Disease. 2) To describe the results of treatment for Hyaline Membrane Disease at Can Tho Children's Hospital Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 80 premature infants with Hyaline Membrane Disease at the Neonatal Department, Can Tho Children's Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022. Results: male sex accounted for 52%, mean gestational age 32.1 ± 2.3 weeks, birth weight 1824 ± 442 g. There was 45% of children with severe respiratory failure. Hyaline Membrane Disease grade III-IV accounted for 46%. After 7 days of treatment, the success rate was 53.8%, the failure rate was 46.2%. Newborn with gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <1500g, occurrence of prolonged apnea, severe respiratory failure, grade III-IV Hyaline Membrane Disease and early neonatal infection were factors that increase the rate of treatment failure, increase the rate mortality (p<0.05), length of time on respiratory support and hospital stay. Conclusion: Newborn with gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <1500g, occurrence of prolonged apnea, severe respiratory failure, grade III-IV Hyaline Membrane Disease and early neonatal infection are bad pronosis factors. Surfactant therapy is an effective treatment for Hyaline Membrane Disease that helps shorten the time on respiratory support, decrease Bronchopulmonory Dysplasia rate and mortality rates.