ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ CỦA LASER DIODE 940 nm VÀ HYALURONIC ACID TRONG PHẪU THUẬT LẬT VẠT ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM NHA CHU

Abstract

Background: Flap surgery for the treatment of periodontitis still presents limitations such as postoperative swelling and pain, gingival recession, and difficulty in complete bacterial eradication. The combination of a 940nm diode laser and hyaluronic acid (HA) is a promising solution to overcome these drawbacks; however, no studies evaluating this approach have been conducted in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a diode laser and HA in flap surgery for the treatment of periodontitis. Materials and methods: A single-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 64 patients with stage III or IV chronic periodontitis in the maxillary anterior region at the Department of Periodontology, Ho Chi Minh City Oromaxillofacial Hospital. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group received open flap debridement (OFD) alone; the test group received flap surgery combined with 940nm diode laser irradiation and 0.2% HA application (HA-LA-OFD). Evaluated parameters included pain levels VAS, wound healing index WHI during the first 7 postoperative days, along with clinical periodontal parameters (PI, GI, mSBI, PPD, CAL, TM, GR) at 3 months post-treatment. Results: Stage III periodontitis accounted for the majority of the cases (64.1%), while stage IV accounted for 35.9%. The HA-LA-OFD group experienced significantly lower pain levels and a better wound healing index compared to the OFD group on days 3 and 7 postoperatively (p<0.05). Notably, the HA-LA-OFD group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the mSBI, TM, PPD, and CAL parameters compared to the OFD group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in PI, GI and GR between the two groups. Conclusions: The combination of a 940nm diode laser and HA in flap surgery for periodontitis treatment is effective in reducing postoperative pain, accelerating wound healing, and optimizing the regeneration of deep periodontal structures after just 3 months of intervention.