NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN MỔ LẤY THAI Ở CÁC SẢN PHỤ NHÓM III THEO PHÂN LOẠI ROBSON

Abstract

Background: The Robson classification system was used to monitor and optimize obstetric practice. Group III in the Robson classification was considered a low-risk group with a favorable prognosis and was generally recommended for vaginal delivery. However, an increasing rate of cesarean section in Group III has been reported in several studies. Objectives: The clinical characteristics, associated factors, and pregnancy outcomes in Robson Group III were investigated and compared. Materials and methods: A comparative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 357 pregnant women classified as Group III according to the Robson system at Dong Nai General Hospital from May 2025 to February 2026. Results: The mean maternal age was 31.6 ± 5.2 years, and women aged < 35 years accounted for 71.4%. The overall cesarean section rate was 15.7%. The proportion of women aged ≥ 35 years was significantly higher in the cesarean section group (46.4%) compared with the vaginal delivery group (25.2%) (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of post-term pregnancy (≥ 42 weeks), neonatal birth weight ≥ 3500 g, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was observed in the cesarean section group compared with the vaginal delivery group (p < 0.05). Apgar scores were significantly lower in the cesarean section group (p < 0.001). The length of hospital stay was longer in the cesarean section group than in the vaginal delivery group (4.9 ± 1.3 vs. 3.5 ± 1.4 days; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The cesarean section rate in Robson Group III increases in the presence of maternal age ≥ 35 years, post-term pregnancy, and fetal macrosomia. A higher rate of NICU admission, lower Apgar scores at 1, 5, and 10 minutes, and prolonged length of hospital stay are associated with this group of pregnant women.