MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THIẾU KẼM Ở TRẺ MẮC TIÊU CHẢY CẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI KIÊN GIANG

Abstract

Background: Zinc deficiency is common among children with acute diarrhea and may prolong disease duration and increase severity. However, data from Kien Giang province remain limited. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency, describe clinical and laboratory characteristics, and analyze factors associated with zinc deficiency in children aged 02 months to 05 years treated at Kien Giang Hospital of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Pediatrics. Materials and methods:  A cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components was conducted on 223 children aged 02 months to 05 years diagnosed with acute diarrhea and admitted to the Pediatric Department from May 2025 to January 2026. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and serum zinc levels were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were applied with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of zinc deficiency was 71.7%. Common clinical manifestations included diarrhea, watery stool, fever, and abdominal distension, while dehydration was observed at a low rate. Regarding laboratory findings, elevated CRP accounted for 49.3% and anemia for 30.0%. In multivariable analysis, lack of exclusive breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio = 4.485; 95% confidence interval: 2.248–8.949; p < 0.001) and elevated C-reactive protein levels (adjusted odds ratio = 2.065; 95% confidence interval: 1.085–3.928; p = 0.027) were independently associated with zinc deficiency. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency among children with acute diarrhea was highly prevalent and was independently associated with lack of exclusive breastfeeding and inflammatory response. Early detection and zinc supplementation should be emphasized in clinical management.