ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ Ở BỆNH NHÂN XUẤT HUYẾT NÃO DO TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP

Abstract

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 28.8% of all new stroke cases. Assessing clinical and paraclinical characteristics is a factor that helps predict the prognosis of functional outcomes at the time of discharge, thereby establishing treatment and rehabilitation plans for each patient. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, paraclinical findings, and treatment outcomes in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 49 patients aged ≥ 18 years with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurology, Can Tho Central General Hospital in 2025. Results: The mean age was 56.53 ± 9.25 years, and 63.3% were male. The primary reasons for admission were hemiparesis/hemiplegia (49%) and impaired consciousness (34.7%). The mean time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 8.51 ± 6.1 hours. The primary lesion locations were the putamen (46.9%) and the thalamus (38.8%). Hematoma volume ≥ 30 mL accounted for 30.6% of cases. The mean length of hospital stay was 9.53 ± 5.079 days. At discharge, the rate of functional dependence (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥ 3) was 65.3%, mortality (mRS = 6) was 18.4%, and functional independence (mRS<3) was 16.3%. Conclusions: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with high mortality and disability rates. It is more common in middle-aged men. The main reasons for admission are hemiparesis/hemiplegia and impaired consciousness with late hospital admission. Lesions are mainly located in the putamen and thalamus, with a high proportion of hematoma volume ≥ 30 mL. At the time of discharge, functional dependence was 65.3% and mortality was 18.4%.