TỈ LỆ DỊ ỨNG NGUYÊN HÔ HẤP VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN MẮC MÀY ĐAY MẠN TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2025

Abstract

Background: Allergy plays an important role in chronic urticaria. In Vietnam, serumspecific IgE testing is commonly used to assess allergen sensitivity. However, there is limited research on aeroallergens in this context. Objectives: 1) To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic urticaria; 2) To determine the prevalence of aeroallergens and their relationship with clinical factors in patients with chronic urticaria. Materials and methods: A crosssectional description of 64 patients diagnosed with chronic urticaria presented for examination at Can Tho Dermato-Venereology Hospital from 2023 to 2025. Results: Females represented 62.5% of the patients, with the highest prevalence in the 18-40 age group. Individuals with atopic diathesis accounted for 42.2%. All patients had wheals and pruritus, with 26.6% presenting with angioedema. The average Breneman score was 8.9, with moderate disease severity being the most common (60.9%). 81.3% of patients had at least one positive serum-specific IgE result. Aeroallergens were found in 71.9% of patients, with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus showing the highest positivity rate (60.9%). The positivity rate for cockroach allergens was notably high (6.3%). There was a significant correlation between the presence of aeroallergens and atopic diathesis, the severity of pruritus and total IgE levels ≥100 IU/mL. Conclusion: Wheals and pruritus are characteristic symptoms observed in all patients. The majority of patients had moderate disease severity. The highest positivity rate was found for D. pteronyssinus mites. A significant correlation was observed between the presence of aeroallergens and atopic diathesis, severity of pruritus and elevated total IgE levels.