KHẢO SÁT CÁC YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VÀNG DA TĂNG BILIRUBIN GIÁN TIẾP Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHUYÊN KHOA SẢN NHI SÓC TRĂNG NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Background: Jaundice due to increased indirect bilirubin is a common condition in newborns. If left untreated, it can lead to complications with severe neurological sequelae or even death. Objectives: (1) To investigate the risk factors and (2) To evaluate the treatment outcomes of indirect bilirubin jaundice in newborns using phototherapy at Soc Trang Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis was conducted on 144 newborns diagnosed with indirect bilirubin jaundice. Data collected included general characteristics of the infants, characteristics of jaundice, and treatment outcomes. Results: It was noted that 83.3% of infants had risk factors for jaundice according to the 2022 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. The most common risk factors were exclusive breastfeeding failure or insufficient milk supply (60.4%), prior history of phototherapy treatment for jaundice (36.1%), presence of cephalohematoma or skin bruising (27.8%), and hemolysis (23.6%). The average phototherapy treatment duration was 50.5 ± 19.4 hours, with the most common range being 25 – 48 hours (62.5%). The treatment success rate was 100%. After treatment, the jaundice severity according to Kramer's classification and the average serum bilirubin concentration both showed a statistically significant decrease. Conclusions: The results indicate a relatively high rate of infants with risk factors for jaundice according to the 2022 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, with the most common being exclusive breastfeeding failure or insufficient milk supply. The average phototherapy treatment duration was 50.5 ± 19.4 hours, with the most common range being 25 – 48 hours. All cases of pathological jaundice were successfully treated. After treatment, the jaundice severity according to Kramer's classification and the average serum bilirubin concentration both showed a statistically significant decrease.