ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG BỆNH NHÂN GIẢM TIỂU CẦU MIỄN DỊCH DAI DẲNG, MẠN TÍNH

Abstract

Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder that causes a decrease in the number of platelets due to destruction in the spleen and the inability of megakaryocytes to restore normal platelet numbers. Our study aims to describe the clinical and biological characteristics of these patients. Objectives: To describe the clinical and biological characteristics of patients with chronic, persistent immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Materials and methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted on 89 patients with chronic, persistent immune thrombocytopenic purpura from 2018-2023 in Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital. Results: The average age of the study group was 40.6 ± 21.2 years old, the youngest was 2 years old, the oldest was 97 years old. The female/male ratio is 2.3/1. The average platelet count at first hospital admission was 7 (5-14.5) x 10⁹/L. 84.3% (75/89) of patients received corticosteroid monotherapy, 3.4% of patients had splenectomy. 34.8% of patients had no signs of bleeding, in the bleeding group, mainly grade 1 hemorrhage accounted for 47.2%, grade 4 hemorrhage (meningeal hemorrhage) accounted for 1.1%. The main reason for hospitalization was petechiae and subcutaneous ecchymosis, reaching 41.5%. Patients with persistent phase accounted for 41.6% and chronic phase 58.4%. Conclusion: Persistent, chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura occurs in all ages, mainly in adult patients with the main symptoms being fatigue and subcutaneous bleeding.