XÂM LẤN MẠCH MÁU, THẦN KINH VÀ KẾT QUẢ SỚM CỦA PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI TRONG UNG THƯ TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Background: Rectal cancer is one of the common malignant diseases with a high mortality rate. Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer has been achieving promising, results that are equivalent to open surgery, especially in oncological aspect. Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) are important independent prognostic factors in rectal cancer that need to be considered during treatment. Objectives: To evaluate extramural vascular invasion and perineural invasion in histopathology and to evaluate the short–term results of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and methods: A crosssectional prospective study was conducted on 54 rectal cancer patients at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from July 2022 to April 2024. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1. The average age of the patients was 61.72 ± 10.6 years. Laparoscopic anterior resection with sphincter-saving TME was performed in 51 patients and Miles procedure in 3 patients. The mean length of the procedure was 238.2 min. The postoperative complications: 3 cases of anastomotic leakage (5.6%), 5 cases of wound infections (9.3%). The mean postoperative period until bowel movement and the average length of hospital stay were 1.98 days and 8.15 days, respectively Postoperative pathological results: in almost all cases were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (64.8%). T3 tumors accounted for 96.3%, and positive lymph node involvement was 57.4%. EMVI positivity was 61.1%, and PNI positive involvement was 16.7%. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer is a safe and highly feasible method. The EMVI positive rate was 61.1%, and the PNI positive rate was 16.7%.