TỶ LỆ PHÁT HIỆN LAO PHỔI MỚI TRÊN ĐỐI TƯỢNG NGHI LAO PHỔI BẰNG XÉT NGHIỆM GENE XPERT MTB/RIF TẠI BỆNH VIỆN LAO VÀ BỆNH PHỔI TIỀN GIANG NĂM 2022 - 2023

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the communicable disease that is a leading cause of death worldwide. The disease has many clinical forms, the most common being pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) accounted for 80-85%. Currently, Gene Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert MTB/RIF) is one of the leading molecular biology techniques recommended for use by The World Health Organization (WHO) in TB and rifampicin-resistant TB diagnosis. Objectives: Determining the rate of detection and learning some factors related to the incidence of new PTB cases among suspected cases of PTB by Xpert MTB/RIF assay at Tien Giang tuberculosis and pulmonary disease hospital in 2022-2023. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 430 patients without a history of PTB or being taken anti-TB drugs, who had with abnormal clinical and chest radiological characteristics suspected of PTB. Performing Xpert MTB/RIF assay to diagnose of new PTB cases with sputum specimen. Results: There were 124/430 patients who were diagnosed with new PTB cases by Xpert MTB/RIF assay accounted for 28.8%; of which 04 cases were dectected of rifampicin-resistant PTB cases accounted for 3.2%. The incidence of PTB in males was 2.0 times higher than in females; there was significant association between the rate of PTB and the age group 25-64 ( p<0.01); people who with a history of smoke, diabetes had a rate of PTB higher: OR=2.1 (p<0.01), OR=2.7 (p<0.01) respectively. Conclusions: The detection rate of new PTB cases among suspected cases of PTB by Xpert MTB/RIF was 28.8%. Some factors related to the incidence of new PTB cases such as males, the working-age group, a history of smoke and diabetes. Xpert MTB/RIF should be performed for all presumptive patients PTB for early diagnosis of PTB.