NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ GIÁ TRỊ CỦA HÌNH ẢNH SIÊU ÂM ĐỘNG MẠCH CẢNH TRONG ĐOẠN NGOÀI SỌ TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU NÃO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Extracranial carotid artery stenosis is one of the main causes of cerebral infarction. Computed tomography of the extracranial carotid artery is an early diagnostic method for this condition. In addition, ultrasound is also considered a non-invasive, and low-cost method. The study was conducted to investigate the ultrasound imaging characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques at the extracranial carotid artery and to evaluate the value of this method by comparing it with CT angiography. Objectives: To describe the imaging characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques and the value of ultrasound compared with carotid computed tomography in the diagnosis of extracranial carotid artery stenosis in patients with cerebral infarction. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional description of 67 atherosclerotic plaques at the extracranial carotid artery in patients with cerebral infarction treated at Can Tho Central General Hospital from 8/2022 - 5/2023. Results: The rate of stenosis over 70% of the internal carotid artery due to atherosclerotic plaques on CT angiography and ultrasound was 49.3% and 41.8%, respectively. These plaques were concentrated near the wall (86.6%) and more than half had increased echogenicity (55.2%). In terms of echogenicity pattern, nearly 2/3 of atherosclerotic plaques showed homogeneity (64.2%). Furthermore, in terms of plaque surface, it showed smoothness with a rate of 51.2%. In diagnosing internal carotid artery stenosis, both methods had significant agreement with statistical significance (Kappa = 0.67; p <0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound is a technique with significant agreement and statistical significance with CT angiography in diagnosing stenosis due to atherosclerotic plaques at the location of the internal carotid artery in the extracranial segment.