CHẨN ĐOÁN TRƯỚC SINH BẰNG KỸ THUẬT PRENATAL BOBS TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2019-2020

Abstract

  Background: Chromosomal abnormality is always a top concern in screening to birth defects because the frequency of exposure in the community is quite high and creates a psychological and physical burden on the family and the whole society. Prenatal BoBs is new technique for detects rapidly abnormalities related to chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, Y and 9 chromosomal micro array syndromes. Objectives: (1) Determining the rate of chromosomal abnormalities using Prenatal BoBs technique at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2019-2020. (2) Surveying characteristics of chromosomal abnormal cases at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2019-2020. Materials and method: A cross-section study was conducted on 125 pregnant women who came for antenatal care (gestational age from 16 weeks or more) with the amniocentesis indicated for prenatal diagnosis using Prenatal BoBs technique at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from June 2019 to September 2020. Indication of vomiting: maternal age ≥35 years old, high-risk screening test, ultrasound with fetal morphology abnormality, increased post-nape light (≥3.5mm), history of birth with abnormalities disability, etc. Results: The rate of chromosomal abnormalities via Prenatal BoBs assay was 5.6%, of which, 7 cases of chromosomal abnormality, there were 2 cases of chromosome 18 abnormality; 4 cases of 21 chromosome abnormality and 1 case of sex chromosomal abnormality; the rates were 1.6%; 3.2% and 0.8%. The age <35 accounted for lower rate of chromosomal abnormalities ≥35 years old, the rate was 14.3% and 85.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Among the screening risk factors indicated for the administration of Prenatal BoBs, attention should be paid to pregnant women aged ≥35 years old, especially those >40 years old. Screening should be performed early in case of ultrasound abnormalities and combined tests.