NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN BỎNG NHIỆT TẠI VIỆN Y HỌC BIỂN VIỆT NAM

Abstract

Background: Thermal burns are injuries of the skin or other tissues caused by overexposure to hot or cold heat sources. Burn accidents are common in work as well as in daily life, accounting for 5-10% of surgical injuries. It has been the ninth leading cause of global burden of disease and injury. Depending on the causative factors, the first aid process before admission and the severity of the burn, each patient will exhibit different clinical and paraclinical characteristics, based on which there will be different therapeutic approaches. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics in thermal burn patients. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 82 thermal burn patients who came to Vietnam National Institute of Maritime Medicine in the period between 01/2018 and 10/2022. Results: The mean age of studied patients was 48.4 ± 19.5 years old; female accounted for 57.3%; 51.2% of patients came to the hospital within the first 6 hours; 58.5% of them had improper first aid before hospital admission; 74.4% of patients were burned by boiled water; the proportion of patients who had lower body parts burned was 64.6%; 80.5% of them had total body surface area (%TBSA) <10%; 58.5% of them had severe pain with the mean score of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was 7.0 ± 1.7; the group of patients with 3^rd degree burns had a higher rate of poor first aid, a larger %TBSA burned and a higher glycemia index. Conclusions: Thermal burns occur in everyone no matter their age or gender, the most common cause is boiled water, the burn site is usually the lower body part with moderate severity, most of them had severe pain. The 3^rd degree burn group had a higher percentage of patients with poor first aid, a larger %TBSA burned and a higher blood sugar index than the 2^nd degree burn group.