KHẢO SÁT TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU VI CHẤT VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ SUY DINH DƯỠNG DƯỚI 5 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021-2022

Abstract

Background: Chronic micromineral deficiency closely relates to child malnutrition. Objective: 1) To determine the level of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency of children under 5 years old at Can Tho Children’s Hospital; 2). To evaluate some related factors and micronutrient deficiency status of malnourished children under 5 years old. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 143 children under 5 years old who met the criteria from 2021 to 2022. Results: The rate of malnutrition in boys is higher than that of girls. The age group with the highest proportion is 1-3 years old. In the group of children studied, the rate of malnourished children with low weight for age accounted for 62.9%, and the rate of malnourished children with stunting accounted for 55.9%. The rate of malnourished children with zinc deficiency accounted for 82.3, followed by iron for 51% and finnaly calcium for 42.1%. Those  who are exclusively breastfed for less than 6 months have a higher rate of calcium reduction than those who are exclusively breastfed for more than 6 months. Children who are introduced to solid foods at 6 months have a lower rate of calcium reduction than children who do not eat solid foods at 6 months. Compared with children who were exposed to the sun from 3 to 6 months, those who were not exposed to sunlight. Conclusion: Maternal micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy and lactation, time of exclusive breastfeeding, time of weaning, and time of children being exposed to the sun are related to micronutrient deficiencies in children.