A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF VAGINITIS CAUSED BY CANDIDA SPP. AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING GYNECOLOGICAL CLINICS AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL, 2024-2025
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Vaginitis caused by Candida spp. is one of the most common gynecological conditions in women. It typically presents with itching, burning sensation, and abnormal vaginal discharge, significantly affecting quality of life, with a high risk of recurrence and chronicity. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, the condition may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, thereby posing a substantial burden on reproductive health. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Candida spp. associated vaginitis; 2. To describe associated factors among women attending gynecological examination at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2024-2025. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among women attending gynecological clinics at the Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2024 to June 2025. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, underwent gynecological examination, and had direct microscopic examination of vaginal discharge (wet mount). Results: Among 119 women included in the study, the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was 40.3%. The most common clinical symptoms were pruritus (68.8%), burning sensation (16.7%), dysuria (14.6%), dyspareunia (10.4%), vaginal mucosal erythema and edema (31.3%), vulvar erythema and edema (18.8%), cervicitis (8.3%), and thick, white, curd-like discharge (47.9%). Notably, 4.2% of cases were asymptomatic. Associated factors included the use of vaginal cleansing solutions 4-7 times per week (62.5%), improper perineal hygiene after urination (68.9%), wearing tight underwear (66.7%), changing sanitary pads <3 times per day during menstruation (35.4%), and working in humid environments (14.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence of vaginitis caused by Candida spp. among women was 40.3%. Further studies on treatment and community-based preventive measures are recommended.
Keywords
Candida spp., vaginitis, associated factors, women
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
2. Nguyễn Thị Bé Ni và các cộng sự. Tình hình nhiễm nấm Candida sp. ở phụ nữ viêm âm đạo tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ năm 2022-2023. Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ. 2023. (63). 142-149, doi: 10.58490/ctump.2023i63.1815.
3. Lâm Hồng Trang. Tỷ lệ viêm âm đạo và các yếu tố liên quan của phụ nữ Khmer trong tuổi sinh sản tại huyện Trà Cú–tỉnh Trà Vinh. Tạp chí Y học Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2018. 22(1). 179183, https://tapchiyhoctphcm.vn/articles/15658.
4. Thân Trọng Quang và Nguyễn Ánh Thùy Trâm. Tỷ Lệ Viêm Âm Đạo Do Candida sp. Và Một Số Yếu Tố Liên Quan Ở Phụ Nữ Độ Tuổi 16-49 Tại Huyện Krông Bông, Tỉnh Đắk Lắk, 2020. Tạp chí Khoa học Tây Nguyên. 2021. 15(50), https://tnjos.vn/index.php/tckh/article/view/66
5. Ngũ Quốc Vĩ, Lâm Đức Tâm và Trần Khánh Nga. Tình hình viêm âm đạo và một số yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ đến khám phụ khoa tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ. Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ. 2021. (39). 216-222, https://tapchi.ctump.edu.vn/index.php/ctump/article/view/865.
6. Phan Anh Tuấn. Tỷ lệ Viêm Âm Đạo Do Candida sp. Và Các Yếu Tố Liên Quan Của Phụ Nữ Trong Độ Tuổi Từ 18-49 Có Quan Hệ Tình Dục Đến Khám Phụ Khoa Tại Bệnh Viện Quận 12, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh. Tạp chí Y Dược học Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2013. 17(1). 200-205, https://tapchiyhoctphcm.vn/articles/10917.
7. Aguirre-Quiñonero, A. et al. Accuracy of the BD MAX™ vaginal panel in the diagnosis of infectious vaginitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019. 38(5). 877-882, doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03480-8.
8. Fanou, B. A. et al. Prevalence and factors associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis in women admitted to the Zone Hospital of Mènontin (Bénin). Pan Afr Med J. 2022. 42. 215, doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.215.28984.
9. Fernandes, A. et al. Vulvovaginal candidiasis and asymptomatic vaginal colonization in Portugal: Epidemiology, risk factors and antifungal pattern. Med Mycol. 2022. 60(5), doi: 10.1093/mmy/myac029.
10. Thompson, A. et al. Diagnostic performance of two molecular assays for the detection of vaginitis in symptomatic women. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020. 39(1). 39-44, doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03694-w.
11. Bradshaw, C. S. et al. Prevalent and incident bacterial vaginosis are associated with sexual and contraceptive behaviours in young Australian women. PLoS One. 2013. 8(3), e57688, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057688.