NGHIÊN CỨU KIỂU BIỂU HIỆN CÁC PROTEIN MMR VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI ĐẶC ĐIỂM MÔ BỆNH HỌC THEO WHO 2019 TRONG UNG THƯ ĐẠI - TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate, and identifying MMR protein expression patterns helps to choose effective treatment methods, especially in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Objectives: Describe the histopathological characteristics and determine the mismatch repair protein expression pattern and its correlation with the histopathological features of colorectal cancer according to the World Health Organization 2019 classification. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 109 patients histopathologically diagnosed with colorectal cancer at Can Tho Oncology Hospital from March 2025 to February 2026. Results: Tumors mainly had an exophytic gross appearance (84.4%) and were mostly adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (89%). The rate of mismatch repair protein deficiency was 25.7%, predominantly involving MLH1 and PMS2 (46.5%), and was significantly associated with tumor size and location (p<0.05). Conclusion: The rate of mismatch repair protein deficiency was 25.7% and was associated with tumor size and location.