KHẢO SÁT TỶ LỆ, ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÁC THỂ LÂM SÀNG, PHÂN TẦNG NGUY CƠ TIM MẠCH THEO VNHA 2022 VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN CÁC THỂ LÂM SÀNG CỦA TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a global healthcare burden, with a rapidly increasing trend toward younger age groups in Vietnam. Currently, the 2022 Vietnam Hypertension Society Guidelines (VNHA 2022) emphasize the role of cardiovascular risk stratification in disease prognosis; however, the relationship between this factor and the traditional clinical patterns of vertigo syndrome (Huyễn vựng) has not yet been fully elucidated. Objectives: To describe the prevalence and characteristics of traditional clinical patterns, cardiovascular risk stratification according to VNHA 2022, and to investigate factors associated with these clinical patterns among hypertensive inpatients treated at the Department of Traditional Medicine, Can Tho City General Hospital in 2024. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 52 inpatients treated at the Department of Traditional Medicine, Can Tho City General Hospital, during the period from February 2025 to July 2025. Results: The study on 52 patients (mean age: 63.62 ± 9.229 years; 67.3% female) showed that 57.3% belonged to the very high cardiovascular risk group. In terms of Traditional Medicine patterns, Liver–Kidney Yin Deficiency was the most common pattern (57.7%), followed by Hyperactivity of Liver Yang (23.1%) and Phlegm-Dampness (19.2%). Analysis of associated factors demonstrated that a high-salt diet was significantly associated with Traditional Medicine clinical patterns (p = 0.014), with the highest prevalence observed in Liver–Kidney Yin Deficiency (80%) and Hyperactivity of Liver Yang (66.7%), and the lowest in the Phlegm-Dampness pattern (30%). Other risk factors showed high prevalence rates; however, no statistically significant differences were found among the clinical patterns (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Most hypertensive patients belonged to the very high cardiovascular risk group, predominantly presenting with the Liver–Kidney Yin Deficiency pattern. The study identified a highsalt diet as a factor closely associated with the distribution of clinical patterns, mainly concentrated in Liver–Kidney Yin Deficiency and Hyperactivity of Liver Yang patterns, while other risk factors appeared to serve as common underlying risk factors.