NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG NẤM CỦA CÁC CHỦNG CANDIDA Ở PHỤ NỮ VIÊM ÂM ĐẠO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Vaginitis caused by Candida spp. is a common condition in women of reproductive age. Resistance to antifungal agents, particularly the azole group, is increasing and varies among different species. Therefore, assessing the resistance levels of isolated fungal strains is necessary to guide effective treatment. Objectives: To determine the antifungal resistance rates of Candida strains isolated from patients with vaginitis who visited and received treatment at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 women diagnosed and treated for vaginitis at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Vaginal discharge samples were collected, examined by wet mount, cultured, and subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing. Results: Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed on 45 culture - positive samples grown on Hicrome medium. The overall resistance rates of Candida spp. to fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and clotrimazole were 66.7%, 60.0%, 28.9%, 24.4%, and 13.3%. Candida albicans showed resistance to fluconazole, clotrimazole, itraconazole, miconazole, voriconazole, and ketoconazole at rates of 57.14%, 10.71%, 64.29%, 21.43%, 53.57%, and 25.0%, respectively. Candida glabrata exhibited resistance to these drugs at rates of 78.57%, 21.43%, 57.14%, 21.43%,

71.43%, and 42.86%, respectively. Candida tropicalis showed resistance rates of 100%, 0%, 0%, 66.67%, 66.67%, and 0% to the same drugs. Conclusion: The overall resistance rate of Candida spp. to fluconazole was the highest (66.7%). Candida spp. exhibit different antifungal resistance patterns. Therefore, identification of the causative organism and antifungal susceptibility testing are necessary to guide the selection of appropriate antifungal therapy in clinical practice.