NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH VÀ KHẢ NĂNG SINH CARBAPENEMASE CỦA VI KHUẨN KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE KHÁNG CARBAPENEM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024 - 2025

Abstract

  Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a major threat to hospital infection control and clinical treatment. The increasing prevalence of carbapenemase producing strains not only undermines the effectiveness of carbapenems - the “last line of defense” antibiotics, but also complicates therapeutic decision making and increases the healthcare burden. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and associated factors. 2. To determine the antibiotic resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Materials and methods: A total of 57 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected, identified, and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using an automated system. Carbapenemase production was detected by the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), and associated factors were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of carbapenemase production among CRKP isolates was 63.2% (36/57). Carbapenemase production was significantly associated with male gender (p = 0.043) and sputum specimens (p = 0.020). The CRKP group exhibited absolute resistance (100%) to ampicillin and cefotaxime, along with extremely high resistance (> 86%) to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. The resistance rates in the CRKP group were significantly higher than those in the non-CRKP group for most of the tested antibiotics (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains demonstrated extremely high antibiotic resistance rates, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced surveillance, strict infection control measures, and rational antibiotic use to limit the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens.