GIÁ TRỊ TỈ SỐ AST/ALT TRONG TIÊN ĐOÁN NGUY CƠ ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG THAI KỲ

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus significantly impacts both the fetus and the mother. The AST/ALT ratio has been found to have an inverse, independent, and non-linear relationship with the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. Objectives: (1) To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from 2024-2025; (2) To evaluate the value of the AST/ALT ratio in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: Cohort study on 90 pregnant women, at weeks 6-12 of pregnancy: pregnant women were interviewed using the research questionnaire and tested for AST and ALT levels. Between weeks 24-28 of pregnancy, a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to diagnose gestational diabetes. Results: The overall prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 37.8%. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed from fasting glucose, 1-hour post-75g glucose, and 2-hour post-75g glucose levels were 18.9%, 17.8%, and 28.9%, respectively. The AST/ALT ratio, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.744 (0.641-0.847) and a p-value < 0.001, is a fairly good indicator for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus is quite high. The predictive model for gestational diabetes mellitus indicates that the AST/ALT ratio in early pregnancy has a good predictive value for screening gestational diabetes mellitus.