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Issue: No. 92 (2025)
Section: Article
DOI: 10.58490/ctjump.2025i92.4061
Date Published: 25/10/2025
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Le, Q. T., Nguyen, V. T. T., Quach, V. T. P., & Pham, H. T. (2025). CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER AT CAN THO CENTRAL GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2021- 2023. Cantho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy, 92, 177-184. https://doi.org/10.58490/ctjump.2025i92.4061

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER AT CAN THO CENTRAL GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2021- 2023

Quang Trung Le1, Viet Thu Trang Nguyen1, Vo Tan Phat Quach1, Huu Tan Pham2,
1 Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy
2 Can Tho Central General Hospital

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a common malignant disease, with a high incidence in men and associated with risk factors such as smoking and agricultural chemicals. In the Mekong Delta, data on clinical characteristics and risk factors are limited, requiring research to support early diagnosis and prevention. Objective: To identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors of NMIBC at Can Tho Central General Hospital from 2021 to 2023. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 41 NMIBC patients at Can Tho Central General Hospital from 2021 to 2023. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, risk factors (smoking, occupation, radiotherapy), and tumor characteristics. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square test to assess associations. Results: The average age of patients was 61.93 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 4.8:1, and farmers accounted for 56.1%. Hematuria was the main symptom (65.1%), followed by urinary dysfunction (29.3%). Smoking (51.2%) was significantly associated with hematuria (p=0.042), and farming was linked to tumors <3 cm (p=0.035). Most tumors were solitary (75.6%), stage Ta (63.4%), and grade G1 (53.7%). Conclusion: The study clarifies the clinical characteristics and risk factors of NMIBC with hematuria as the primary symptom and smoking and farming as prominent risk factors. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis, reducing environmental exposure, and close patient monitoring, contributing to effective prevention and treatment strategies in the Mekong Delta. 

Keywords

Bladder cancer, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, NMIBC

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