ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH NHÂN BỊ RẮN LỤC XANH ĐUÔI ĐỎ CẮN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA VĨNH LONG

Abstract

Background: The red-tailed green pit viper (Trimeresurus albolabris) is one of the most prevalent venomous snake species in Vietnam, particularly in the Mekong Delta region. This condition constitutes a medical emergency, as failure to achieve accurate diagnosis and timely treatment may result in life-threatening complications or long-term sequelae. Early definitive diagnosis, based on clinical and paraclinical findings, is crucial for prompt management and optimal therapeutic outcomes, thereby improving patient prognosis. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and to evaluate the treatment outcomes of  patients with red-tailed green pit viper envenomation at Vinh Long General Hospital. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 111 patients envenomed by the red-tailed green pit viper (Trimeresurus albolabris) treated at Vinh Long General Hospital from June 2024 to March 2025. Results: Male patients accounted for 56.8%, and the age group of 40–60 years comprised 55.9% of cases. The bite site was predominantly located on the lower limbs (62.2%). Local symptoms included venom fang marks (100%), localized pain (100%), and swelling (78.4%). Laboratory abnormalities included thrombocytopenia (14.4%), decreased fibrinogen levels (9.9%), prolonged prothrombin time (4.5%), and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (1.8%). Coagulopathy was observed in 21.6% of cases. Antivenom therapy was administered to 73.9% of patients. Complete recovery after treatment was achieved in 100% of cases. Conclusions: The most common clinical symptoms in patients envenomed by the red-tailed green pit viper include fang marks, pain, and localized swelling, while paraclinical findings frequently indicate coagulation disorders. The hospital stay is short, and all patients achieve complete recovery.