TẦN SUẤT, ĐA HÌNH rs9939609 CỦA GEN FTO VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN NGƯNG THỞ KHI NGỦ DO TẮC NGHẼN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYPE 2

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a relatively high prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes. The rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene is a crucial genetic predictor of type 2 diabetes; however, its association with obstructive sleep apnea has not yet been investigated. Objectives: 1) To determine the prevalence and characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes 2) To  determine the prevalence of the FTO-rs9939609 polymorphism and other related factors with OSA in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 75 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from April 2024 to May 2025. Respiratory polygraphy was performed, and the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene was identified using the RFLPPCR technique. Results: Female was 78.7%, mean age was 69.56 ± 9.83, mean HbA1c level was 9.11 ± 2.61%. The rate of OSA in type 2 diabetes was 61.3%. The group with OSA: AHI ranged from 5.2 to 67.3 events/hour, the lowest SpO₂ was 79.26 ± 6.13%. The genotype distribution of AA, AT, and TT was 3%, 27%, and 70%, respectively. The following factors were associated with OSA in type 2 diabetes: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², high risk neck circumference, Mallampati grade 3-4, SSS ≥ 4, and the presence of the A allele (AA or AT genotype). Conclusions: The A allele, a greater BMI, a large neck circumference, and Mallampati grades 3-4 were more common in patients with OSA.