NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH UNG THƯ DẠ DÀY, MỐI LIÊN QUAN KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TIỆT TRỪ HELICOBACTER PYLORI Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM LOÉT DẠ DÀY TÁ TRÀNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ VÀ BỆNH VIỆN UNG BƯỚU THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer ranks fifth in both incidence and cancer-related mortality worldwide (Globocan 2022). Helicobacter pylori has been classified by the WHO as a Group I carcinogen, playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Objectives: 1) To describe the clinical characteristics, endoscopic features, and histopathology of gastric cancer; 2) To identify risk factors associated with gastric cancer; 3) To evaluate the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in patients with gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 189 patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer from August 2024 to June 2025. Results: The mean age of gastric cancer patients was 61.2±10.0 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.7:1. Epigastric pain was the most common clinical symptom (87.9%). The most frequent tumor locations were the gastric body (51.5%) and the antrum (30.3%), with adenocarcinoma accounting for 84.8% of cases. Age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, and low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with gastric cancer (p<0.05). The bismuth-based quadruple regimen achieved eradication rates of 94.3% in peptic ulcer disease patients and 80% in gastric cancer patients. Conclusions: Gastric adenocarcinoma predominantly occurs in older males, most commonly located in the gastric body and antrum. Alcohol consumption, smoking, and low socioeconomic status are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The bismuth-based quadruple regimen demonstrated high efficacy in Helicobacter pylori eradication.