ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, X QUANG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY XƯƠNG HÀM DƯỚI VÙNG CẰM VÀ GÓC HÀM BẰNG NẸP VÍT NHỎ

Abstract

Background: Fractures of the mandibular symphysis and angle account for a significant proportion of maxillofacial trauma cases. The treatment method using miniplate fixation is a widely applied technique. Objectives: To describe the clinical and radiographic features of mandibular symphysis and angle fractures; To evaluate the treatment outcomes of mandibular symphysis and angle Fractures using Miniplates and Screws. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study combined with an uncontrolled clinical intervention was conducted on 50 patients with mandibular symphysis and angle fractures who underwent surgical treatment at Can Tho Central General Hospital from April 2023 to March 2025. Results: Most patients were male (80%), with the highest prevalence in the 19–39 age group (64%). Clinical symptoms included severe pain (98%), bone discontinuity (90%), swelling (92%), dental arch disruption (94%), dental injuries (80%), malocclusion (100%), and restricted mouth opening (84%). 3D reconstructed CT imaging identified that the most common fracture pattern involved contralateral fractures (64%) and open fractures (96%). The predominant fracture type was complete fractures: symphysis (90%) with displacement < 3 mm (56%) and angle (88%) with displacement < 3 mm (62%). At the three-month postoperative follow-up, good outcomes were observed in terms of anatomical restoration (78%), function (90%), and aesthetics (74%). Conclusion: Mandibular symphysis and angle fractures predominantly occur in males aged 19-39 years. Clinical and radiographic features are diverse, with a high prevalence of contralateral fractures, complete fractures, and minimal displacement (<3 mm). Miniplate fixation provides favorable outcomes in terms of anatomical restoration, functional recovery, and aesthetic improvement.