ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH LÝ ĐỤC THỦY TINH THỂ NHÂN CỨNG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP PHACO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT - DA LIỄU CÀ MAU VÀ BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Background: Cataract-induced blindness is a serious public health issue that can impose a substantial burden on families and society. Hard nucleus cataract represents an advanced stage of cataract disease, and this study aims to evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification surgery for cases of hard nucleus cataract. Objective: To describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of hard nucleus cataract at Ca Mau Eye and Dermatology Hospital and Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from May 2024 to May 2025. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis included 69 patients whose eyes with grade IV or V cataracts were treated with phacoemulsification surgery. Results: The most common subjective symptom of cataracts was decreased visual acuity, accounting for 100% of cases, followed by glare at 63.8%, and monocular diplopia/polyopia at 15.9%. The most frequent morphological presentation of cataracts was total opacity, observed in 76.8% of cases. Good ocular status was achieved in 66.7% of patients one month post-operatively. Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 76.8% of patients one month post-operatively, while corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 85.5% of patients. Post-operatively, 30.4% of patients experienced corneal edema, and 5.8% experienced increased intraocular pressure. Conclusion: The predominant morphological presentation of cataracts was total opacity. The majority of study subjects achieved good visual acuity post-operatively.