NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN HẸP ĐỘNG MẠCH CẢNH Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÍP 2 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Background: Carotid artery stenosis is a common vascular lesion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This condition increases the risk of stroke and mortality; therefore, identifying patients with carotid artery stenosis is essential for effective management and treatment. Objective: To investigate the characteristics and some related factors of carotid artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with convenience sampling was conducted on a total of 82 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited and were treated at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2024 to February 2025. All patients underwent clinical examination, blood tests, extracranial carotid artery ultrasound, and the results were recorded. Results: Males accounted for 20.7% of the study population. The prevalence of comorbid hypertension and coronary artery disease was 56.1% and 42.7%, respectively. The proportion of patients with carotid artery stenosis was 35.4%. The degree of stenosis was mild in 20.7%, moderate in 41.4%, and severe in 37.9%. Patients with a history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and dyslipidemia had a higher risk of carotid artery stenosis, with odds ratios of OR = 10.56 (95% CI: 2.69–41.52, p < 0.001), OR = 11.64 (95% CI: 3.83–35.39, p < 0.001), and OR = 7.00 (95% CI: 1.79–27.32, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes is relatively high. Risk factors including a history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and dyslipidemia significantly increase the likelihood of carotid artery stenosis in this population.