NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH TRẠNG GIẢM ALBUMIN MÁU Ở TRẺ EM SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE NẶNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2025

Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus. Most fatalities are due to delayed diagnosis and untimely treatment. Studies on DHF have demonstrated a correlation between hypoalbuminemia and manifestations of shock and severe hemorrhage. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and treatment outcomes in children with severe dengue. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 86 children diagnosed with severe dengue fever treated at Can Tho Children’s Hospital in 2023- 2025. Results: The proportion of children over 10 years old was 59.3%, with 31.4% being overweight or obese. Most cases of severe dengue shock occurred on day 4 (38.4%) and day 5 (39.5%), with 53.5% experiencing recurrent shock. The mean platelet count at the onset of shock was markedly decreased (39,781 cells/mm³). Liver enzyme levels (AST: 170.8 U/L, ALT: 78.4 U/L) were elevated in severe DHF cases. The proportion of patients with reduced serum albumin levels (<35 g/L) at the time of shock onset was 68.6%. The total volume of fluid resuscitation administered was 165.8 ± 55.5 ml/kg. A total of 98.8% of patients recovered and were discharged following treatment. Children with serum albumin levels below 35 g/L showed a statistically significant association with recurrent shock (p<0.001). Conclusion: A total of 68.6% of pediatric patients with severe Dengue fever admitted to Can Tho Children’s Hospital exhibited hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <35 g/L) at the onset of shock, with a significant correlation observed between hypoalbuminemia and the recurrence of shock. The incidence of recurrent shock was 53.5%. Most patients recovered and were discharged after appropriate treatment.