NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ THIẾU MÁU THIẾU SẮT Ở TRẺ 12 THÁNG ĐẾN 5 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHUYÊN KHOA SẢN NHI TỈNH SÓC TRĂNG NĂM 2024 - 2025

Abstract

Background: Anemia affects the patient's cognition, motor development and immunity. Iron deficiency anemia accounts for a quarter of the world's population and is concentrated mainly in children under 5 years old. Objectives: To describe clinical and  paraclinical  characteristics  and assessment of the effective treatment of postpartum iron deficiency anemia in children 12 months to 5 years old at Soc Trang hospitals for women and children in 2024 - 2025. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive method with analysis and intervention without control group on 34 children from 12 months to 5 years old diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia when have clinical symptoms of anemia and paraclinical indexes Hb < 11g/dL, ferritin < 30ng/mL, serum iron < 9 µmol/L at Soc Trang hospitals for women and children in 2024 - 2025. Information collected included age, gender, clinical symptoms of iron deficiency anemia, Hb index, serum iron, ferritin before and after 3 months of treatment. Results: The majority of patients weremale, accounting for 61.8%, the majority of patients were aged from 12 months to 36 months (76.4%). Common  clinical  symptoms  of  iron  deficiency  anemia  in children were pale skin, pale mucous membranes, pale palms, and anorexia. The level of iron deficiency anemia after treatment decreased compared to before treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The difference in the rate of iron deficiency anemia symptoms and paraclinical characteristics before and after 3 months of treatment was statistically significant with p < 0.05. The treatment success rate was 50.0%.