NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ TỶ LỆ CỦA MỘT SỐ BỆNH LÝ HÔ HẤP CÓ HÌNH ẢNH ĐÁM MỜ NGOẠI VI TRÊN CT SCAN NGỰC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ VÀ BỆNH VIỆN LAO VÀ BỆNH PHỔI CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2025

Abstract

Background: Peripheral ground-glass opacities on chest CT are non-specific findings in various respiratory diseases.  Studying the characteristics and prevalence of these diseases in this population helps support more accurate diagnosis. Objectives: Description of clinical and paraclinical characteristics, determination of prevalence, and association with smoking in respiratory diseases with peripheral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans at Can Tho Central General Hospital and Can Tho Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Hospital in 2023-2025. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 50 inpatients at Can Tho General Hospital and Can Tho Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Hospital from April 2023 to February 2025. Results: Lung tumors were associated with dry cough in 71.4% of cases. Pulmonary tuberculosis was associated with productive cough in 75% of cases. Pneumonia was associated with fever in 74.2% of cases. Lung tumors were significantly more likely to present as round opacities than patchy opacities and had well-defined margins more frequently than ill-defined margins. Pulmonary tuberculosis showed no statistically significant differences in imaging characteristics. Pneumonia was significantly more likely to present as patchy opacities than round opacities, and lesions ≥3 cm were more frequent than those <3 cm. Among smokers, the prevalence of lung tumors (60%) was significantly higher than in non-tumor cases. Conclusions: The most common clinical symptoms were dry cough in lung tumors, productive cough in pulmonary tuberculosis, and fever in pneumonia. Round opacities were more prevalent in lung tumors, with well-defined margins appearing more frequently than ill-defined margins. Pneumonia was more frequently associated with patchy opacities than round opacities, and lesions ≥3 cm were more common than those <3 cm. The prevalence of lung tumors was higher among smokers compared to non-smokers.