NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH VI KHUẨN HỌC, SỰ ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM PHỔI BỆNH VIỆN DO VI KHUẨN GRAM ÂM KHÁNG CARBAPENEM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia is also the leading cause of mortality among nosocomial infections, with a mortality rate ranging from 25% to 64% in Asian countries. The primary cause is multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, particularly those resistant to Carbapenem. Early and appropriate antibiotic treatment improves clinical outcomes, making the initial choice of antibiotics crucial. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of Carbapenemresistant Gram-negative bacterial infections and assess treatment outcomes in patients with hospitalacquired pneumonia caused by these resistant pathogens. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with Carbapenem-resistant hospitalacquired pneumonia from June 2024 to February 2025 at the Intensive Care Unit - Toxicology Department, Can Tho Central General Hospital. Results: The mean patient age was 65.61 ± 15.58 years, with 57% of patients aged between 61 and 80 years. Late-onset Carbapenem-resistant hospitalacquired pneumonia was predominant, comprising 92% of cases. The most commonly identified pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii (44%) and Enterobacteriaceae (45%). The rate of appropriate initial antibiotic treatment was 66%. The mortality rate due to Carbapenem-resistant hospital-acquired pneumonia was 44%. The use of colistin antibiotics was observed in 99% of cases. A significant difference in mortality rates was found between Carbapenem-resistant hospital-acquired pneumonia and patient age. Conclusion: Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii are the most common bacteria associated with Carbapenem-resistant hospital-acquired pneumonia. Patient age significantly influences treatment outcomes.