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AN EVALUATION OF HYPOALBUMINEMIA AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN AGED FROM 2 MONTHS TO UNDER 5 YEARS OLD WITH PNEUMONIA
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Abstract
Background: Pneumonia is a potentially fatal disease that greatly compromises the health of children. Utilizing laboratory tests is extremely beneficial in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis determination of the condition. In the realm of pediatric pneumonia, effective diagnostic procedures include assessments for albumin levels and iron deficiency anemia. Objectives: (1) Determine the proportions of hypoalbuminemia and iron deficiency anemia in children aged from 2 months to under 5 years old with pneumonia at Ca Mau Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital in 2022-2023 (2) Evaluate the association between hypoalbuminemia, iron deficiency anemia and pneumonia in children aged from 2 months to under 5 years old at Ca Mau Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital in 2022-2023. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study on 177 pediatric patients from 2 months to under 5 years old who were diagnosed with pneumonia and received inpatient treatment at Ca Mau Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital during the research period. Results: The percentage of patients aged 2 months to 2 years was 59.9%, which was more than the percentage of patients aged 2 years to 5 years, which was 40.1%. The average age was 22.5±15.82 months old. The male patients constituted 56.5% of the total, whilst the female patients with pneumonia accounted for 43.5%. Children with pneumonia made up 88.1% of the patient population; children with severe pneumonia made up 11.9% of the patient population. The average albumin concentration was 38.47±2.39g/L. The proportion of hypoalbuminemia was 26% and the proportion of iron deficiency anemia was 41.8%. Children with iron deficiency anemia had a higher rate of severe pneumonia (20.3%) than those without (5.8%). Compared to 2.9% of children without iron deficiency anemia, 12.2% of those with the condition required more than two antibiotics to treat pneumonia. Conclusion: When hypoalbuminemia is present, the severity of pneumonia is significantly increased. Inadequate iron levels cause anemia, which worsens pediatric pneumonia and necessitates supplementary antibiotic therapy.
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Keywords
pneumonia, hypoalbuminemia, iron deficiency anemia, children
References
2022;10:1017386. Published 2022 Dec 22. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.1017386
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