TÌNH HÌNH RỐI LOẠN PHỔ TỰ KỶ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ TỰ KỶ TỪ 18 ĐẾN 36 THÁNG TUỔI RỐI LOẠN PHỔ TỰ KỶ TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN TỈNH VĨNH LONG NĂM 2023

Abstract

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder that begins in early childhood, leading to significant impairments in psychological, social, and economic aspects. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of autism spectrum disorder in children aged 18 to 36 months in Vinh Long province in 2023. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey to calculate the prevalence of ASD in children by screening 2,902 children using the MCHAT-R checklist, followed by definitive diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria. Additionally, a case study of 273 children was conducted to identify factors related to the disorder in children aged 18-36 months in Vinh Long province. Results: The prevalence of ASD among the children in the study was 2.3%. Factors such as the child's age, gender, birth order, ethnicity, interventions at birth, labor duration, and caregiver's age and education level were initially considered. However, multivariate analysis revealed that only the child's age (OR=4.34), birth order (OR=68.89), caregiver's age (OR=194.45), and labor duration (OR=6.49) were significantly associated with ASD. Conclusion: Factors such as the child's age, birth order, caregiver's age, and labor duration are related to the risk of developing ASD. The study suggests the need to develop early intervention strategies based on individual and familial characteristics to enhance the prevention and management of this disorder.