NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ BIẾN ĐỔI CÔNG THỨC MÁU CỦA BỆNH TIM BẨM SINH CÓ TÍM Ở TRẺ EM

Abstract

Background: Cyanotic congenital heart disease is a group of heart diseases with rapid and severe progression, which can cause early death from the first months after birth if not operated on in time. Children often die from serious complications such as cyanotic spells, brain abscesses, severe pulmonary hypertension, infective endocarditis, and heart failure. Objectives: 1. To describe clinical features and several hematologic changes of cyanotic congenital heart disease in children; 2. To determine the relevance between the level of hypoxemia and some changes in total blood count. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 53 patients from 0 month to 15 years of age were diagnosed with cyanotic heart disease and admitted to Pediatric Center - Hue Central Hospital from April 2019 to April 2020. Results: The most frequent symptoms and signs were failure to thrive (75.5%) and systolic murmur (77.4%). The most common complications were malnutrition and cyanotic spells, with rates of 50.9% and 22.6%, respectively. 67.9% of patients had polycythemia, 37.7% had elevated Hematocrit, and 15.1% had thrombocytopenia. There is an association between the saturation of peripheral oxygen below 80% and thrombocytopenia, and elevated Hematocrit. Conclusions: Cyanotic heart diseases cause many complications; the most common are malnutrition and cyanotic spells. There is a significant association between severe cyanosis (oxygen saturation below 80%) and thrombocytopenia, and elevated Hematocrit.