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DESCRIBE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AIR POLLUTION AND PNEUMONIA HOSPITALIZATION IN CHILDREN
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Abstract
Background: In Vietnam, air pollution has become a serious problem which has negative effects to the quality of life and health of vulnerable groups including children. Objectives: To describe the association between air pollution and pneumonia hospitalization in children. Material and methods: We searched the literature on the PubMed from 2012 to 2022, with the documents which are observational epidemiological study design that addressed air pollution (concentrations of substances), and the primary output is hospitalization due to pneumonia in children. Results: 21 documents were selected to extract information. At single lag, there were Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3), Sulfate, Organic Cacbon, Elemental Cacbon, and Nitric Oxide (NO) that did not show an association, and there was one document that showed an association that increased risk of hospitalization. All studies with O3 showed an increased risk of hospitalization at cumulative lag. The last, all studies with Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) showed an increased risk of hospitalization at moving average lag. Conclusion: There are pieces of evidence for the association of effects of air pollutants and pneumonia hospitalization in children, especially NO2. In the future, we need more studies about the association of Ultrafine particles, Particulate Matter (PM1), and substances of PM2.5 with hospitalization for pneumonia in children.
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Keywords
Air pollution, pneumonia, acute lower respiratory infections, hospitalization, children
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