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RESEARCH ON CLINICAL, PARACLINICAL FEATURES AND MICROBIOLOGICAL AGENTS CAUSING ACUTE DIARRHEA WITH SOME DEHYDRATION IN CHILDREN FROM 2 MONTHS TO 5 YEARS OLD AT CAN THO CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Background: Acute diarrhea with some dehydration is a serious disease in children, which can cause hypovolemia, electrolyte disturbances, infections leading to death if not treated promptly. Real-time PCR is a modern technique with high sensitivity and specificity to detect the causative agent of acute diarrhea quickly and accurately in children, useful in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Objectives: (1) To describe some clinical and subclinical characteristics of children with acute diarrhea with some dehydration at Can Tho Children's Hospital; (2) to determine the rate of pathogens by Real-time PCR. Materials and method: A series report on 47 children from 2 months to 5 years old diagnosed with acute diarrhea with some dehydration at the Department of Gastroenterology, Can Tho Children's Hospital from November 2022 to August 2023. Results: Acute diarrhea with some dehydration was more common in children with under 24 months of age (87.2%) and males (68.1%). Acute diarrhea with some dehydration was common in children <24 months of age (87.2%) and boys (68.1%). Common clinical symptoms are vomiting (89.4%), fever (78.7%), watery stools (66.0%). 53.5% of cases have white blood cell count >10G/L. Children with blood sodium concentration <135mmol/L accounted for 26.1%, children with blood potassium concentration <3.5mmol/L accounted for 17.4%. Real-time PCR results were positive in 91.6% of cases. The most common causative agent was Rotavirus (47.2%), followed by Salmonella, Shigella spp., Vibrio Cholerae, EPEC. Conclusions: Acute diarrhea with some dehydration was common in young child with common symptoms of vomiting, fever along with increased white blood cell count, common electrolyte disorders were hyponatremia, hypokalemia. Microbiological agents were mostly caused by Rotavirus, so it is necessary to prevent this agent such as full Rotavirus vaccination.
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Keywords
Acute diarrhea, dehydration, children, Real-time PCR, microbiological agents
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