NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN VÀ SO SÁNH HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ RỤNG TÓC TỪNG VÙNG BẰNG TIÊM BETAMETHASONE VỚI BÔI FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE VÀO THƯƠNG TỔN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition characterized by sudden hair loss from one or multiple areas on the scalp or body, which can significantly affect the patient's quality of life and have serious psychological implications. Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors, compare the effectiveness of treatment, and assess the adverse effects in patients with alopecia areata treated with Diprosan^® injections (Betamethasone dipropionate and Betamethasone Na phosphate) versus Fluocinolone ointment. Materials and methods: A comparative clinical trial was conducted, using a convenient continuous sampling method, involving 60 diagnosed patients with alopecia areata. Results: The average age is 30.85 ± 8.25, the average disease duration is 10.13 ± 9.71, men predominate with a rate of 62.7%. There was no difference in family history, stress, and exclamation point hair between the mild and severe groups (p>0.05), but personal history factors were statistically significant (p=0.006). The area distribution of mild injuries is 78.0%, moderate at 16.9%, severe 3.4%, very severe 1.7%. The Fluocinolone topical group had stable treatment results during the two-month treatment period with 80%, after 2 months of stopping and monitoring, the rate was 86.7%. The Betamethasone injection group initially had poorer results, but after 2 months of treatment and follow-up, the results improved with a good rate of 93.1%. Side effects showed that group 1 had itching symptoms, accounting for a fairly high rate of 33.3%, while the remaining had no side effects. Meanwhile, only 17.2% of patients in group 2 had symptoms. Conclusions: Intradermal Betamethasone is a successful treatment option for alopecia areata.