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ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOTS, MORPHOLOGY OF ACCESSORY ROOT CANAL SYSTEM AND ISTHMUS OF VIETNAMESE MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLARS
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Abstract
Background: The understanding of human root canal system anatomy and its variations as well as the accessory canal morphology, its isthmus and its anastomosis has contributed significantly to the success of current endodontic treatment. Objectives: Describing the anatomical characteristics of the mandibular first molars’ roots, morphology of its accessory canal system, its isthmus and its anastomosis in Vietnamese. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study design: 179 mandibular first molars were collected, processed, examined with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and following characteristics: (1) number and length of roots; (2) number and classification of main canals; (3) prevalence, location and types of accessory canals; (4) prevalence, location of isthmus and the anastomosis. Result: Mandibular first molars had their mesial roots (13.22±1.20mm) longer than the their distal roots (12.88±1.10mm) (p<0.001). Teeth with 3 roots account for 7.3% of the sample. Mandibular first molars have 3, 4, and 5 canals, accounting for 54.8%, 43.0% and 2.2%, respectively. Observation of the mesial roots showed that type I canals accounted for the highest proportion (65.4%), type II with 23.5% and 0.6% type 2-3. Meanwhile, in the distal roots, type I (61.5%) and 0.6% type 3-1 and 0.6% type 2-3 appeared. Accessory canals occured with the rate of 40.2%, usually in the apical third (56.5%) and type I accounted for the highest rate with 62.0%. There was no statistically significant difference between teeth on the left and the right sides (p=0.851).Conclusion: Cone beam computed tomography scan has paved the way for the investigating of characteristics of roots, root canal system morphology and its variants, accessory canals, isthmus, and interstitial canals which are very complex and need to be carefully evaluated before starting endodontic treatment.
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Keywords
Mandibular first molar, accessory canal, isthmus, anastomosis
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