ĐẶC ĐIỂM CỦA NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT SƠ SINH NON THÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Sepsis of the preterm newborn is a severe systemic infection in newborns under 37 weeks of gestation and it is the second leading cause of death in preterm newborn, after respiratory failure. Objectives: Describe the clinical, subclinical characteristics; determine bacterial etiology of sepsis in premature newborns. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on newborns with a gestational age of less than 37 weeks, diagnosed with sepsis based on clinical evidence, at Can Tho Children’s Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. Results: In 98 children studied, there were 58.2% boys and 41.8% girls. The average gestational age was 32.5 weeks and most children weight between 1500-<2500 grams (61.2%). Clinical symptoms were diverse in many organs but there were no specific symptoms, often presenting with respiratory symptoms and digestive symptoms. Regarding subclinical, white blood cell count increased above 20000/mm3 or decreased below 5000/mm3 accounted for 32.7%. Therewere 54.3% of children with anemia, platelets less than 150000/mm3 acounted for 26.5%, CRP >10 mg/dl accounted for 61.2%. Positive blood cultures accounted for 31.0%, of which Gram- positive bateria accounted for 68.4%, Gram-negative bacterias 31.6%. The bacteriological agents of Gram-positive group were Staphylococcus epidermidis (75.0%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20.0%), Staphylococcus lentus (5.0%) and the Gram-negative group included Acinobacter baumannnii (27.25%), Pseudomonas species (27.5%), Klebsiella pneumonia (18.2%). Conclusion: Sepsis in preterm newborn has diverse clinical symptoms, less variable subclinical and was mostly caused by Gram-positive bacteria.