ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SUY HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH NON THÁNG BẰNG THÔNG KHÍ ÁP LỰC DƯƠNG LIÊN TỤC QUA MŨI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2022 – 2023

Abstract

Background: Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP) is an effective, simple, and safe treatment for acute respiratory failure in neonates, particularly premature infants, which remains the primary cause of mortality in this population. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate treatment outcomes of respiratory failure in premature infants treated with NCPAP at Can Tho Children's Hospital. Materials and methods: A crosssectional study was carried out of 43 premature infants with respiratory failure treated with NCPAP at Can Tho Children's Hospital from June 2022 to April 2023. Results: Male sex accounted for 51.2%, with an average gestational age of 33.1±2.6 weeks and an average weight of 2061g±567g. Upon admission, 93% showed chest retractions, 60.5% exhibited lethargy and restlessness, and 58.1% had respiratory grunting. The success rate of NCPAP treatment was 76.7%, with a failure rate of 23.3%. Infants with a gestational age <32 weeks and at risk of early-onset neonatal infection had a higher treatment failure rate with NCPAP (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is essential for clinical physicians to establish individualized treatment and care plans for each preterm infant experiencing respiratory failure and receiving NCPAP support, especially for those with a gestational age below 32 weeks and with risk factors for neonatal infections.