ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN MÀY ĐAY MẠN TÍNH THEO NỒNG ĐỘ IgE TOÀN PHẦN

Abstract

Background: Chronic urticaria is a common dermatological disorder characterized by recurrent wheals and pruritus lasting for more than six weeks, significantly affecting patients’ daily activities and quality of life. Several studies have suggested that total immunoglobulin E may be associated with the pathogenesis and disease activity of chronic urticaria; however, the relationship between total IgE levels and clinical characteristics, disease activity, and quality of life in patients with chronic urticaria remains unclear. Objective: To investigate and compare the clinical characteristics, disease activity, and quality of life between patients with chronic urticaria and elevated total IgE levels and those with normal total IgE at Can Tho Dermatology Hospital. Materials and methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 211 patients diagnosed with chronic urticaria based on clinical manifestations. Data collected included total IgE levels, clinical characteristics, disease activity assessed by the Urticaria Activity Score, and quality of life evaluated using the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: The mean total IgE level was 120.82 ± 93.56 IU/mL, and the prevalence of elevated total IgE levels was 54.5%. Patients with elevated IgE levels exhibited more severe clinical manifestations, including higher rates of moderate-to-severe pruritus, greater number of skin lesions, and higher Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) values compared with patients without elevated IgE levels (p <0.05). The proportion of severe disease was also significantly higher in the elevated IgE group (57.4% vs. 37.5%; p = 0.001). In addition, the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire score was significantly higher in patients with elevated IgE levels than in those without elevated IgE levels (62.92 ± 5.59 vs. 53.79 ± 4.09; p <0.001). Conclusion: Elevated total IgE levels in patients with chronic urticaria were associated with greater symptom severity, higher disease activity, and poorer quality of life. These findings suggest that total IgE may serve as a useful biomarker for assessing disease activity and the impact of chronic urticaria on patients’ quality of life.