ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ XỬ TRÍ NHAU TIỀN ĐẠO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA ĐỒNG NAI NĂM 2025

Abstract

Background: Placenta previa is one of the leading causes of antepartum hemorrhage in the third trimester, intrapartum bleeding, and postpartum hemorrhage. It presents a major challenge for obstetricians, as pregnant women with placenta previa often require prolonged hospitalization for close monitoring, which is associated with an increased risk of blood transfusion, preterm birth, and emergency hysterectomy, ultimately leading to elevated maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study was conducted with two primary objectives: to describe the clinical characteristics and to evaluate the management outcomes of placenta previa at Dong Nai General Hospital. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 pregnant women admitted and delivered with a confirmed diagnosis of placenta previa at Dong Nai General Hospital between July 2025 and December 2025. Results: Maternal age under 35 years accounted for 62.5% of the study population. Regarding obstetric history, prior cesarean delivery accounted for 40.0%, uterine curettage for 5.0%, and a history of placenta previa for 2.6%. Termination of pregnancy via cesarean section was indicated in 100% of cases, comprising emergency cesarean sections (57.5%) and elective procedures (42.5%). The rate of peripartum and postpartum blood transfusion was 15.0%. No postoperative complications, such as surgical site infection or organ injury, were recorded (0.0%). The majority of newborns were in good clinical condition, with 1-minute APGAR scores greater than or equal to 7 reaching 95.0%; however, the prevalence of low birth weight (less than 2500 g) was 32.5%. Conclusion: A history of cesarean section is a common risk factor for placenta previa, and cesarean delivery remains the preferred method for pregnancy termination, predominantly performed as an emergency procedure. While no postoperative infection or organ injury was recorded, the rates of prematurity and neonatal asphyxia remain high in this study population.