ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐÁP ỨNG ĐIỀU TRỊ BÙ SẮT Ở TRẺ THIẾU MÁU THIẾU SẮT CÓ VIÊM PHỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2025-2026

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is a common disease and a leading cause of mortality among children worldwide. Iron deficiency anemia is a global nutritional problem that significantly affects children’s health and is associated with pneumonia. However, diagnosing iron deficiency anemia in children with pneumonia remains challenging because of the non-specific clinical manifestations and because laboratory indicators of iron status may be influenced by inflammatory or infectious processes. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and the initial response to oral iron supplementation therapy in children with iron deficiency anemia and pneumonia at Can Tho Children’s Hospital. Materials and methods:  A cross-sectional descriptive study combined with an uncontrolled before-and-after intervention follow-up design on 76 children from 6 months to 14 years old diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and pneumonia who were hospitalized at Can Tho Children’s Hospital. Results: Most cases occurred in children under 5 years of age (94.7%), and the majority were male (61.8%). Common clinical manifestations included pale mucosa (92.1%), pallor (85.5%), pale palms (82.4%), and poor appetite (75%). Mean hemoglobin level was 8.17 ± 1.60 g/dL, median ferritin level was 9.55 ng/mL, and mean transferrin was 359.51 ± 46.30 mg/dL. After 7–14 days of oral iron supplementation, hemoglobin increased by 1.18 g/dL, and hematocrit, MCV, and MCH improved significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia in children with pneumonia was common in those under five years old, particularly in males, and presents with characteristic clinical and paraclinical features. Oral iron supplementation showed initial effectiveness in improving hematological parameters.