ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ VI KHUẨN HỌC Ở BỆNH NHÂN MỞ KHÍ QUẢN SAU ĐẶT NỘI KHÍ QUẢN KÉO DÀI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

 Background: Tracheostomy is a classic surgical procedure that creates direct airway access to the cervical trachea through the cartilaginous rings. Patients who undergo prolonged endotracheal intubation prior to tracheostomy are at particularly high risk of bacterial invasion, especially from hospital-acquired bacteria. Identifying the types of bacteria residing in respiratory secretions and determining their sensitivity to antibiotics helps us to better guide initial antibiotic selection. Objectives: To investigate the clinical, bacteriological, and antibiogram in tracheostomized patients with prolonged endotracheal intubation and the rate of appropriate initial antibiotic use. Materials and methods:  A cross-sectional descriptive study of 45 tracheostomized patients who had undergone prolonged endotracheal intubation from October 2024 to June 2025 at Can Tho Central General Hospital. Results: The average age of patients was 65.5 ± 16.05. Males accounted for 62.2%, and females 37.8%. Most patients underwent mechanical ventilation via endotracheal tube for 8-14 days. The commonest isolated organism was Acinetobacter baumannii. The rate of initial antibiotic use consistent with the antibiogram was 65.8%. Conclusion: The commonest isolated organism was Acinetobacter baumannii, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, and then Pseudomonas aeruginosa, these are bacteria commonly associated with hospital-acquired infections. High levels of carbapenem resistance pose a significant challenge in treatment. Colistin remains active against some strains, but should be used with caution. The rate of appropriate initial antibiotic use was high.