ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ PHÙ HOÀNG ĐIỂM ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG BẰNG RANIBIZUMAB TIÊM NỘI NHÃN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT - RĂNG HÀM MẶT CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Background: Diabetic macular edema is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and remains a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Intravitreal ranibizumab has been widely recognized as an effective and safe therapeutic option, leading to significant improvements in visual acuity and reductions in central macular thickness in affected patients. Objectives: To evaluate the pharmacotherapy role of ranibizumab for the treatment of diabetic macular edema in patients with diabetic macular edema at Can Tho Eye–ENT Hospital in 2024–2025. Materials and methods:  This interventional clinical study without a control group was conducted on 38 eyes diagnosed with diabetic macular edema and treated with intravitreal injections at Can Tho Eye–ENT Hospital during 2024– 2025. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.56 ± 9.44 years. At the 3-month follow-up, 78.9% of eyes demonstrated good visual improvement, whereas 21.1% exhibited moderate visual improvement, while 65.8% achieved a reduction in central retinal thickness (CRT) of ≥100 μm. Mean visual acuity improved from 0.72 ± 0.44 logMAR at baseline to 0.36 logMAR after 3 months, with a mean CRT reduction of 131 μm. Only one case (2.6%) of subconjunctival hemorrhage was observed, and no serious complications, including acute intraocular pressure elevation, endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, or uveitis, were recorded. Conclusions: Intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema improves both visual function and macular structure, as demonstrated by increased visual acuity and reduced retinal thickness on OCT, with minimal adverse effects.