PREVALENCE OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication, in which spontaneous hyperglycemia develops during pregnancy. Risk factors include overweight/obesity, westernized diet and micronutrient deficiencies, advanced maternal age, and a family history of insulin resistance and/or diabetes. While GDM usually resolves following delivery, it can have long-lasting health consequences, including increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the mother, and future obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes T2DM, and/or GDM in the child. Early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus reduces complications for the mother and fetus. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus among 24-28w pregnancy with American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria for GDM in 2018 and to evaluate associated factors of GDM at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 351 pregnant women from 24 to 28 weeks hospitalized at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from October 2017 to May 2018, using 2h-75g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Results: the incidence of GDM was 7.4% (26/351 cases ). Factors were related to GDM include: maternal age ≥25 (OR =2.52, CI 95%: 1.21-6.70, p=0.001), BMI ≥25 (OR =4.12, CI 95%: 1.51-11.36, p=0.001), maternal weight increased a lot during gestation (OR =1.91, CI 95%: 1.36-2.26, p= 0.007). Conclusion: Routine screening for gestational diabetes mellitus for all pregnant women, especially those who are older than 25 years of age, BMI greater than 25 kg/m2 or excessive weight gain during pregnancy is needed.
Keywords
Gestational diabetes (GDM), screening for GDM
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