Cantho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy

PREOPERATIVE 3D-PRINTED MODELS FOR LOCKING PLATE FIXATION OF DISTAL TIBIAL FRACTURES

Van Nghiem Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Distal tibial fractures remain a therapeutic challenge because of severe softtissue injury and complex fracture morphology. Recently, 3D-printed bone models have been applied to describe fracture characteristics and for preoperative planning of locking plate fixation with promising results. Objectives: To investigate several fracture characteristics on radiographs and 3Dprinted bone models and to evaluate the treatment outcomes of distal tibial fractures managed with locking plates using preoperative 3D-printed models. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on31 patients with distal tibial fractures were enrolled at Can Tho Central General Hospital, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, and Can Tho City General Hospital from June 2024 to January 2026. All patients underwent radiographic evaluation, and 3D-printed bone models were created to assist preoperative planning; fracture classification, the number of fragments, and impacted fragments were recorded on both radiographs and 3D models. Intraoperative parameters included operative time and blood loss, and postoperative functional outcomes were assessed using the AOFAS score at 3 months. Results: According to the AO/OTA classification, type 43B fractures predominated, accounting for 22 cases (71%) on radiographs and 20 cases (64.5%) on the 3D-printed models. Compared with radiographs, the 3D-printed models revealed a higher number of fragments in 17 patients (54.8%) and a greater number of impacted fragments in 11 patients (35.5%). The mean operative time and mean intraoperative blood loss were 98.1 ± 21.4 minutes and 83.39 ± 16.71 mL, respectively. At 3 months postoperatively, the mean AOFAS score in 31 patients was 89.87 ± 9.01, with good and excellent outcomes in 83.9%. Conclusion: Locking plate fixation using preoperative 3D-printed bone models facilitates the evaluation of fracture characteristics, provides good functional outcomes, and is associated with improved operative time and reduced intraoperative blood loss.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPLC/PDA METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE, TELMISARTAN AND INDAPAMIDE

Thi Thuong Thuong Le — 2026-07-25

Background: In June 2025, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the original brand-name product WIDAPLIK, the first and only fixed-dose triple combination containing telmisartan, amlodipine and indapamide for the treatment of hypertension. This combination not only enhances therapeutic efficacy but also significantly improves patient adherence. Currently, pharmacopeial references provide analytical procedures for single or dual combinations; however, no monograph is available for the simultaneous quantification of these three components in a single formulation. In the context of the anticipated increase in the development of corresponding generic products in Vietnam, validated analytical procedures are essential for quality control. Objectives: To develop and validate an HPLC/PDA method for the simultaneous quantification of amlodipine, telmisartan and indapamide in accordance with ICH guidelines. Materials and methods: Simulated samples containing amlodipine, indapamide and telmisartan were analyzed. Results: The optimized HPLC/PDA conditions employed a Reliant C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and buffer (0.025 N KH₂PO₄, pH 3.0) in a ratio of 45:55 (v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength of 242 nm. The method demonstrated good specificity. The linear concentration ranges were 10.17 – 28.48 µg/mL for amlodipine, 5.04 – 14.12 µg/mL for indapamide, and 80.87 – 226.44 µg/mL for telmisartan. Recoveries ranged from 98.0% to 102.0%. The intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD) were 1.29% – 1.33%, 1.98% – 1.80%, and 1.28% – 0.77% for amlodipine, indapamide, and telmisartan, respectively. The analytical procedure met the requirements for robustness. Conclusions: The developed HPLC/PDA method for the simultaneous quantification of amlodipine, indapamide, and telmisartan meets ICH validation requirements and is suitable for quality control of pharmaceutical formulations.

EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOR WEBER B AND C FRACTURES USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE OSTEOSYNTHESIS UNDER FLUOROSCOPY

Dong Khang Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Closed Weber B and C fractures are primarily treated surgically. Open reduction and internal fixation is currently considered the gold standard but is associated with a high rate of wound complications, particularly in high-risk patients. Minimally invasive osteosynthesis helps preserve bone vascularity, limit soft tissue damage, and reduce wound complications. In Vietnam, no comprehensive study on this method has been conducted. Objectives: 1. To describe the clinical characteristics and conventional X-ray findings in patients with Weber B, C fractures treated by minimally invasive osteosynthesis under fluoroscopy; 2. To evaluate the treatment outcomes of Weber B, C fractures treated by minimally invasive osteosynthesis under fluoroscopy. Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 35 patients diagnosed with closed Weber B and C fractures who underwent minimally invasive osteosynthesis at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho Central General Hospital, and Can Tho City General Hospital from April 2024 to December 2025. Results: The mean age of the study group was 50.2 ± 16.5 years (18-74). Fracture reduction according to the Burwell-Charnley system was excellent in 97% and good in 3%. The rate of syndesmotic diastasis was higher in the Weber C group compared to the Weber B group (p = 0.04). The mean long-term AOFAS score was 93.2 ± 6.1. Conclusions: Minimally invasive osteosynthesis under fluoroscopy effectively achieves anatomical reduction and functional recovery of the ankle while minimizing wound complications in the treatment of Weber B and C fractures.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM PROCALCITONIN LEVELS AND SEVERE PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN AGED 2 MONTHS TO 5 YEARS AT CAN THO CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL

Thi Kim Loan Duong — 2026-07-25

Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five worldwide. Procalcitonin is a widely studied biomarker in adults and has been associated with pneumonia severity; however, evidence in children remains limited and inconsistent. Objectives: 1. To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 5 years hospitalized at Can Tho Children’s Hospital; 2. To investigate the association between serum procalcitonin and severe pneumonia in this population. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 129 children aged 2 months to 5 years diagnosed with pneumonia and admitted to Can Tho Children’s Hospital between May 2024 and February 2026. Results: The median age was 11 months (range: 2 months to 5 years); 59.7% were male. Common symptoms included cough (95.3%), fever (89.1%), tachypnea (80.6%), and chest indrawing (72.9%). Severe pneumonia accounted for 37.2% of cases. The median serum procalcitonin level (interquartile range) was 0.15 (0.08-0.44) ng/mL. Compared with the non-severe pneumonia group, children with severe pneumonia had higher serum procalcitonin levels (0.18 versus 0.15 ng/mL; p=0.043). The discriminative performance of procalcitonin for severe pneumonia was limited, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.607 (95% confidence interval, 0.502-0.712). The optimal cut-off value was 1.37 ng/mL, yielding a specificity of 93.8%. Conclusions: Serum procalcitonin is associated with severe pneumonia in hospitalized children and may support risk stratification; however, it should not be used as a stand-alone marker and should be interpreted alongside clinical assessment and other laboratory findings.

EVALUATION OF EARLY TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA USING RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL IN 2024-2025

Hoang Huan Lam — 2026-07-25

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignancy associated with high mortality. Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive treatment widely applied in early-stage disease. Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma using radiofrequency ablation at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and methods: An uncontrolled interventional clinical study conducted on 34 patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC stage A) treated with radiofrequency ablation from May 2024 to October 2025. Results: A total of 34 patients with 37 tumors were treated. The mean number of ablation sessions was 1.53 ± 0.61, and the mean ablation time was 21.00 ± 9.29 minutes. Early complications included one case of bowel perforation (2.9%), with no other major complications reported. At 1 month, the complete tumor necrosis rate was 76.5%, higher in tumors ≤ 3 cm. According to mRECIST criteria, the overall response rates at 1 month and 6 months were 91.2% and 94.1%, respectively, with a stable complete response rate of 79.4%. Clinical improvement rates at 1 month and 6 months were 50.0% and 44.1%, respectively. Weight loss was observed in 11.8% and 17.6% of patients. After 6 months of follow-up, local recurrence was 17.6%, new tumor occurrence 14.7%, portal vein thrombosis 5.9%, and mortality 5.9%. Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective treatment modality for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.

EVALUATION OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING ANTERIOR CERVICAL DECOMPRESSION AND FUSION IN SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE INJURIES

Dinh Luat Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Subaxial cervical spine injuries involve damage to the vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, spinal cord and surrounding ligamentous structures at levels C3–C7. These injuries are frequently associated with a high risk of neurological deficits and may result in severe long-term disability if not appropriately managed. In recent years, anterior decompression and fusion surgery has been widely applied and has demonstrated favorable postoperative functional recovery. Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of anterior decompression and fusion surgery in the treatment of subaxial cervical spine injuries. Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 21 patients with subaxial cervical spine injuries who underwent anterior decompression and fusion surgery at Can Tho Central General Hospitalfrom May 2024 to August 2025. Results: Good-to-fair clinical outcomes were observed in 76.2% of patients. Moderate outcomes accounted for 19.0%, while a poor outcome was reported in one patient (4.8%). Conclusion: Anterior decompression and fusion surgery is an effective treatment for subaxial cervical spine injuries. It restores spinal alignment and improves neurological function in the majority of patients.

INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI cagA AND iceA GENES WITH GASTRITIS AND PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

Thi My Huyen Tran — 2026-07-25

Background: The roles of cagA and iceA genes in the development of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)- induced gastritis and peptic ulcer disease remain unclear. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of H. pylori cagA and iceA genes and to investigate the association between these genes with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 69 patients with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease infected with H. pylori. The study was carried out at Can Tho Central General Hospital and Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from July 2025 to January 2026. The cagA and iceA genes were identified using PCR from gastric mucosa specimens. Results: The prevalence of cagA-positive and iceA-positive genes were 79,7% and 73,9% (37,7% iceA1 and 36,2% iceA2) respectively. Three genotypes of the iceA2 gene were identified: 24 aa, 59 aa, and 94 aa, with the 59 aa being the most common (72%). The presence of the iceA1 gene was significantly associated with peptic ulcers (Adjusted OR = 6,05; 95% CI: 1,40 - 26,18). Conclusions: The prevalence of H. pylori strains carrying cagA and iceA genes is high (79,7% and 73,9%, respectively). The iceA1 gene is associated with peptic ulcer disease.

VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN CHILDREN AT CA MAU OBSTETRICS AND PEDIATRICS HOSPITAL IN 2024-2026

Viet Hung Phan — 2026-07-25

Background: The incidence and severity of Dengue hemorrhagic fever in children have shown a progressive rise. Vitamin D, known for its immunomodulatory role, is hypothesized to be closely associated with the severity of the disease. Identifying factors associated with Dengue severity is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of treatment and management. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with severe Dengue in children. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 children diagnosed with Dengue hemorrhagic fever admitted to Ca Mau Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital from August 2024 to February 2026. Results: Among 190 children enrolled, 16.8% progressed to severe Dengue. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 14.2%. Multivariate logistic regression identified hepatomegaly (aOR = 5.96; p=0.024), thrombocytopenia (aOR = 0.98; p<0.001), and lower vitamin D level (aOR = 0.93; p=0.032) as independent factors associated with severe disease. Conclusion:The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children with Dengue hemorrhagic fever was 14.2%. Hepatomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and lower vitamin D levels are independent factors associated with severe disease. Assessment of clinical and laboratory features combined with vitamin D measurement plays a crucial role in the effective management of this disease.

CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF RESTORING MANDIBULAR MOLARS WITH MONOLITHIC GLASS-CERAMIC ENDOCROWNS

Huu Hoi Quach — 2026-07-25

Background: Restoration of endodontically treated mandibular molars using glass-ceramic endocrowns has gained increasing attention due to its tooth structure preservation and enhanced retention. However, follow-up data in Vietnam remain limited. Objectives: To evaluate the shortterm clinical outcomes of monolithic glass-ceramic Endocrown restorations for mandibular molars. Materials and methods: A single-arm clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with 40 mandibular molars restored with monolithic lithium disilicate glass-ceramic Endocrowns from June 2025 to February 2026 at the Department of Dentistry, Phuc Nguyen 1 Dental Clinic, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam. Clinical evaluations using the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria were performed at 3 and 6 months, assessing retention, structural integrity, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, color match, and overall treatment outcomes. Results: Immediately after cementation, 100% of restorations were rated Alpha for color match and marginal adaptation. At 3 months, the Alpha rates for retention and structural integrity were both 100%. At 6 months, the Alpha rate for retention decreased to 95.0%, while structural integrity remained at 100%. The Alpha rate for marginal discoloration was 100% at 3 months and 97.5% at 6 months, and the Alpha rate for marginal adaptation was 95.0% and 87.5%, respectively. The overall success rate was 100% at both follow-up periods. At 3 months, 95.0% of restorations were classified as Good and 5.0% as Fair, at 6 months, 87.5% were Good and 12.5% were Fair. No failures were recorded, and no statistically significant differences were observed between the two follow-up periods (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Restoration of mandibular molars using monolithic glass-ceramic Endocrowns demonstrated favorable initial clinical outcomes during the 6-month follow-up period.

STUDY ON CLINICAL, PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION AND IRON CHELATION THERAPY IN THALASSEMIA PATIENTS AT CAN THO HEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION HOSPITAL IN 2024-2025

Thi Huynh Huong Nhan — 2026-07-25

Background: Thalassemia is a disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia. Prolonged blood transfusion leads to iron overload in tissue organs, which is the main cause of severe complications and mortality. Although blood transfusion and iron chelation therapies help prevent complications, clinical practice still records many challenges. Objectives: To describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics and evaluate the outcomes of blood transfusion and iron chelation therapies in Thalassemia patients at Can Tho Hematology - Blood Transfusion Hospital in 2024-2025. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 80 Thalassemia patients indicated for blood transfusion, diagnosed with iron overload, and receiving continuous iron chelation therapy for at least 3 months at Can Tho Hematology - Blood Transfusion Hospital from October 2024 to October 2025. Results: Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (62.5%) accounted for the majority. Clinical manifestations included pale skin and mucous membranes (90%), jaundice (70%), splenomegaly and post-splenectomy (87.5%), hepatomegaly (80%), skin hyperpigmentation (82.5%), and facial bone deformities (63.7%). The mean Hb concentration at admission was low (68.29 ± 9.82 g/L). Packed red blood cell transfusion (median of 2 units/course) helped increase Hb by a median of 16 g/L with high safety (2.5% adverse reactions). After 3 months of iron chelation therapy, the median serum ferritin level initially showed a trend toward stabilization or a slight decrease from 3840 ng/mL to 3787 ng/mL, but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.063). Conclusions: Patients carried the typical clinical phenotypes of anemia and hemolysis, and were often admitted late with low Hb levels. Blood transfusion therapy was safe and improved the anemia condition. Iron chelation therapy initially showed a trend of reducing iron reserves.

SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY FOR ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE DUE TO ANTERIOR CIRCULATION LARGE VESSEL OCCLUSION

Nam Hoa Thinh Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality. Endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients within the extended window has been shown to improve clinical outcomes and reduce mortality rates compared to medical management alone; however, its efficacy and safety profile vary among different patient populations. Objectives: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting after 6 hours from symptom onset, and to evaluate the outcomes and associated factors of mechanical thrombectomy in these patients. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 41 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion, with a DWI-ASPECTS of 3 to 5, who were admitted within the 6-to-24-hour window after onset at S.I.S Can Tho International General Hospital from January 2025 to January 2026. The primary endpoint was the rate of successful recanalization. Secondary endpoints included the rates of early neurological improvement, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, decompressive craniectomy, and in-hospital mortality. Results: Among 41 patients, the successful recanalization rate was 87.8%. The rate of early neurological improvement was 9.8%, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 12.2%, decompressive craniectomy was 9.8%, and in-hospital mortality was 4.9%. Conclusions: Endovascular thrombectomy in patients with DWIASPECTS of 3-5 presenting after 6 hours from onset demonstrates a high rate of successful recanalization, along with low rates of decompressive craniectomy and in-hospital mortality.

CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SKELETAL CLASS III MALOCCLUSION IN CHILDREN AGED 7-12 YEARS AT HO CHI MINH CITY ODONTO-STOMATOLOGY HOSPITAL

Thi Ngoc Hanh Pham — 2026-07-25

Background: Skeletal Class III malocclusion represents a major orthodontic challenge that compromises both aesthetics and function, necessitating early intervention during the active growth phase. A comprehensive understanding of its clinical and paraclinical characteristics provides a crucial foundation for clinicians to optimize treatment planning. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of skeletal Class III malocclusion in children at Ho Chi Minh City Odonto-Stomatology Hospital between 2025 and 2026. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 32 children, aged 7 to 12 years, diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion who sought treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Ho Chi Minh City Odonto-Stomatology Hospital, from May 2025 to May 2026. Clinical features were evaluated through extraoral and intraoral examinations. Cephalometric variables, encompassing skeletal, dental, and soft tissue parameters, were measured and analyzed on lateral cephalograms using AudaxCeph software. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 8.97±0.93 years, with an equal gender distribution. Symmetrical frontal facial proportions were observed in 96.9% of the patients, 71.9% presented with a straight facial profile. Anterior and posterior crossbites were prevalent in 100% and 15.6% of the cases, respectively. Cephalometric analysis revealed that the skeletal discrepancy was primarily attributed to maxillary retrusion (SNA=79.90±2.93°) and mandibular protrusion (SNB=81.87±3.40°), with a mean ANB angle of -1.98±1.41° and a Wits appraisal of 7.39±1.81mm. Dentoalveolar compensations were evident, characterized by proclined maxillary incisors (U1/SN=106.22±6.08°) and retroclined mandibular incisors (L1/MP=86.42±6.75°). Soft tissue evaluation indicated a retrusive upper lip (Ls-E=-2.97±2.42mm) and a protrusive lower lip (Li-E= 1.07±1.86 mm). Conclusions: Skeletal Class III malocclusion is predominantly characterized by a combination of maxillary retrusion and mandibular protrusion, which inherently triggers natural dentoalveolar compensations and subsequent soft tissue profile disharmony.

EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF COMPLEX INTERCONDYLAR DISTAL FEMUR FRACTURES TREATED WITH DUAL LOCKING PLATE FIXATION

Dinh Tung Le — 2026-07-25

Background: Intercondylar distal femur fractures are severe injuries commonly associated with high-energy trauma and osteoporosis, carrying a high risk of instability, delayed union, and impaired knee function. Distal femoral condylar fractures are complex intra-articular injuries, and precise reduction and restoration of the articular surface play a crucial role in recovering normal joint function. Lateral locking plate fixation is widely used, however, complications such as varus malalignment and nonunion may still occur in complex fractures. The addition of a medial plate improves mechanical stability and may enhance fracture union and functional recovery. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of complex intercondylar distal femur fractures managed with dual locking plate fixation. Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 33 patients with intercondylar distal femur fractures treated with dual locking plate fixation from May 2024 to December 2025. Results: Among the 33 patients, 17 were male and 16 were female. The mean follow-up duration was 6 months. The fracture union rate was 96.9%. Functional outcomes assessed by the Neer Score showed 84.9% excellent and good results. Conclusion: Dual locking plate fixation for distal femur fractures is an effective treatment method, providing high mechanical stability, a favorable union rate, and satisfactory recovery of knee function.

PREVALENCE OF HIGH-RISK HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING GYNECOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS AT CAN THO GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS HOSPITAL IN 2025-2026

Tuan Cuong Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women, with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection recognized as the primary etiological factor. Determining the prevalence and genotype distribution of high-risk HPV at the local level is essential for developing effective screening and prevention strategies. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of high-risk HPV among women attending gynecological examinations at Can Tho Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital in 2025–2026. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 1,200 women aged 21-65 years who attended gynecological examinations from October 2025 to March 2026. Cervical specimens were tested for high-risk HPV using genotype Real-time PCR on the Cobas® 4800 system. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection was 11.2% (134/1,200). Among high-risk HPV-positive cases, the group of 12 high-risk HPV types other than HPV 16 and HPV 18 was the most prevalent (59.0%), followed by HPV 16 (18.7%), HPV 18 (9.7%), HPV 16 + group of 12 high-risk HPV types (8.2%), HPV 18 + group of 12 high-risk HPV types (3.7%), and HPV 16 + HPV 18 + group of 12 high-risk HPV types (0.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among women attending gynecological examinations at Can Tho Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital was 11.2%, with a predominance of the 12 high-risk HPV types other than HPV 16 and HPV 18. These findings highlight the need to maintain and expand routine HPV screening programs for effective cervical cancer prevention.

THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERIAPICAL CYSTS IN THE UPPER INCISORS USING SURGICAL GUIDE IN 2025-2026

Minh Man Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Nowadays, technology has deeply influenced many fields, including dentistry. Specifically, the integration of 3D printing in dental surgery offers enhanced efficiency through simplified and accelerated procedures. Consequently, the clinical application of surgical guides for treating periapical cysts has gained significant attention. Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment for periapical cysts in the maxillary incisors using 3D-printed surgical guides after 1 week and 6 months. Materials and methods: The non-control clinical intervention study was conducted on 42 patients (aged ≥ 18 years) diagnosed with and treated surgically for periapical cysts in the anterior dental basin with the assistance of a surgical guide at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2025 to February 2026. Results: The average surgical time was 27,6 ± 5 minutes. The pain level after 3 days post-surgery was 3,64 ± 1 and after 7 days was 1,5 ± 0,8. The percentage of patients classified as having good results 3 days and 1 week post-surgery was 97.6%, and this rate reached 97,6% after 6 months post-surgery. Conclusions: With the support of surgical guides, incisor periapical cyst surgery is performed quickly and with a high success rate. Further research is warranted to standardize these guided surgical protocols, ultimately optimizing patient experiences and therapeutic outcomes.

IMMEDIATE LOADING IMPLANT PLACEMENT IN THE ANTERIOR MAXILLARY REGION: CASES REPORT

Gia Tuong Cao — 2026-07-25

Background: Tooth loss in the anterior maxillary region significantly affects esthetics, mastication, and speech function. Immediate loading implant placement is considered an optimal treatment approach that shortens treatment duration, enables early esthetic rehabilitation, and maximally preserves hard and soft tissues immediately following tooth extraction. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of immediate loading implant placement in the anterior maxillary region immediately after tooth extraction. Materials and methods: This study presents two clinical case report. The patients underwent atraumatic tooth extraction followed by immediate implant placement into the fresh extraction socket. An immediate provisional restoration was delivered to restore initial esthetics and function. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 3 and 6 months using clinical examinations and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess implant stability, peri-implant tissue conditions, and the osseointegration process. Results: Follow-up at 3 and 6 months demonstrated good implant stability and favorable peri-implant soft tissue healing, with no complications observed during the observation period. The definitive restoration achieved satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes, and the patient expressed satisfaction with the treatment results. Conclusions: Immediate loading implant placement in the anterior maxillary region is a feasible and effective treatment option.

EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF MODERATE-TOSEVERE ACNE VULGARIS WITH LOW-DOSE ISOTRETINOIN AT CAN THO DERMATO-VENEREOLOGY IN 2024-2026

Huy Loc Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic dermatologic condition that significantly affects patients’ quality of life and psychological well-being. Isotretinoin remains the most effective treatment for moderate-to-severe acne; however, the conventional dosage is frequently associated with multiple adverse effects. As adverse effects correlate with dosage, clinicians increasingly consider low-dose isotretinoin for its favorable balance between efficacy and safety. However, evidence on low-dose isotretinoin in Vietnam remains limited. Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of low-dose isotretinoin in patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris. Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study involving 112 patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris and treated at Can Tho Dermato-Venereology Hospital from June 2024 to January 2026. Results: The study included 112 patients with a mean age of 19.88±4.79 years; 54.5% were female. The mean isotretinoin dose was 0.292±0.059 mg/kg/day. The baseline GAGS score was 29.72±4.94 and significantly decreased to 6.90±3.16 after 12 weeks of treatment (p<0.001). The total lesion count also declined significantly from 75.36±24.22 to 24.47±8.57 at week 12 (p<0.001). A total of 69.6% of patients achieved a “Good” or higher clinical response, whereas only two patients (1.8%), both initially classified as severe, demonstrated a moderate response. The most common adverse effect was cheilitis (99.1%), followed by xerosis (65.2%) and skin scaling (21.4%). Other adverse events, including musculoskeletal pain (8.9%), acne flare (8.9%), epistaxis (6.3%), and hair loss (3.6%), occurred at low rates, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Low-dose isotretinoin (0.2–0.4 mg/kg/day) provides significant clinical improvement in patients with moderateto-severe acne vulgaris after 12 weeks of treatment, with a high response rate and good tolerability. This regimen represents a safe and effective therapeutic option in clinical practice.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, NEUROIMAGING FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH CEREBROLYSIN IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Tan Hao Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Acute ischemic stroke is the most common subtype of stroke and a leading cause of long-term neurological disability. Identifying clinical and neuroimaging characteristics associated with treatment outcomes is essential for prognosis and patient management. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, and to analyze factors associated with treatment outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: A nonrandomized controlled clinical intervention study was conducted on 140 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and treated at Can Tho Central General Hospital from June 2024 to March 2026. Clinical characteristics, neuroimaging findings, and treatment outcomes were evaluated and analyzed after 30 days of follow-up. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.61 ± 11.5 years, and 68.6% were aged ≥60 years. The most common clinical manifestations were hemiparesis/hemiplegia (97.9%), dysarthria (90.7%), and central facial palsy (82.9%). Most patients had a moderate stroke severity according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (92.1%). Lesions were predominantly located within the middle cerebral artery territory (70.7%), most commonly involving the cerebral hemisphere (57.9%). The improvement rate was significantly higher in the Cerebrolysin group than in the control group (92.9% vs. 54.3%, OR = 10.95, 95% CI: 3.93–30.48; p < 0.001). The rates of hemorrhagic transformation and adverse events were higher in the Cerebrolysin group than in the control group (4.3% vs. 1.4%); however, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After 30 days of follow-up, both the Cerebrolysin and control groups demonstrated significant improvements in NIHSS and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.

EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS USING GUTTA FLOW BIOSEAL SEALER

Mai Truc Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Chronic apical periodontitis in mandibular premolars is a common endodontic condition that requires a well-sealed root canal filling to ensure periapical healing. Gutta Flow Bioseal is a novel bioactive sealer with favorable biological properties that needs to be evaluated for its effectiveness in treating this condition. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of chronic apical periodontitis in mandibular premolars using Gutta Flow Bioseal as the root canal filling material. Materialsand methods: A non-controlled interventional study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with chronic apical periodontitis in mandibular premolars from October 2024 to November 2026 at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Results: The mean age was 42.3 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.3. The mandibular second premolar on the right side accounted for 50% of cases. After 6 months, the proportion of PAI 1–2 increased to 73.3%, while PAI 4–5 decreased to 13.3% (p < 0.001); the overall healing rate was 83%. Conclusion: Treatment of chronic apical periodontitis in mandibular premolars using Gutta Flow Bioseal as a root canal filling material yields high effectiveness and contributes to improving the prognosis of tooth preservation.

STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE, CLINICAL FEATURES AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH CORTICOSTEROIDINDUCED TINEA INCOGNITO AT CAN THO HOSPITAL OF DERMATO-VENEREOLOGY IN 2025

Tran Thanh Phong Cao — 2026-07-25

Background: Cutaneous fungal infections are common, especially in tropical countries such as Vietnam. Misuse of topical corticosteroids can alter clinical features, resulting in tinea incognito and complicating diagnosis, management, and quality of life of patients. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of corticosteroid-induced tinea incognito; and to describe the clinical characteristics and quality of life of patients with corticosteroid-induced tinea incognito. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 112 patients diagnosed with dermatophytosis who had a history of topical corticosteroid use and presented to Can Tho Dermato-Venereology Hospital in 2025. Diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations and direct microscopic examination of skin scales. Results: The 41-60 age group accounted for the highest proportion of patients (46.4%), with a comparable distribution between males and females. Overall, 84.8% of patients had a history of corticosteroid use prior to presentation, predominantly topical corticosteroids (89.5%). The most commonly used active agents were betamethasone/dexamethasone (55.8%), and the majority of patients used these medications based on advice from pharmacies (71.6%). The rate of positive direct microscopic fungal examination was 72.3%. Clinically, the most common lesions were erythematous patches with scaling and central clearing, and the most frequently affected site was the groin. A disease duration of ≥3 months significantly increased the risk of moderate-to-severe lesions (OR=11.93; p < 0.01). Lesion severity was significantly associated with the degree of quality-of-life impairment as measured by the DLQI (p < 0.001), whereas no such association was found with gender. Conclusions: Dermatophytosis associated with topical corticosteroid use often shows atypical features, leading to misdiagnosis and impaired quality of life; early accurate diagnosis is therefore essential for effective management.

OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY FOR ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS ACCORDING TO THE TOKYO GUIDELINES 2018 AT NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HOSPITAL

Hanh Phuc Son — 2026-07-25

Background: Acute cholecystitis is one of the common complications of gallstones and is a cause of emergency hospital admission. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for treating acute calculous cholecystitis. Objective: To evaluate the early outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis according to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 at Nguyen Dinh Chieu Hospital. Materials and methods: Retrospective combined with prospective study, including all patients diagnosed with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Nguyen Dinh Chieu Hospital from January 2024 to December 2025. Results: During the 2-year study period, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 265 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.65, and females accounted for 62.3% of the study population. The mean age was 59.2 ± 15.6 years. The proportions of patients classified as ASA I, ASA II, and ASA III were 35.1%, 46.8%, and 18.1%, respectively; patients with CCI < 6 and CCI ≥ 6 accounted for 80.8% and 19.2%, respectively. The success rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 98.9%, with a conversion-to-open-surgery rate of 1.1%. The mean operative time was 102.6 ± 24.4 minutes. Intraoperative complications occurred in 0.8% of cases. Postoperative complications were recorded in 5.7%, including bleeding (0.8%), surgical site infection (0.8%), subhepatic fluid collection (1.1%), bile leakage (0.8%), hospitalacquired pneumonia (1.9%), and minor cerebral infarction (0.4%). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.8 ± 3.6 days. Early postoperative outcomes were good in 94.0% of patients, fair in 5.3%, and poor in 0.8%. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed according to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 is a safe and effective treatment for acute calculous cholecystitis.

A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND HIV CO-INFECTION AMONG PRISONERS

Huy Ha Le — 2026-07-25

Background: The HBV/HIV co-infection rate among prisoners varies widely and shows a tendency to increase. The prison population has a particularly high risk of HIV infection due to risk factors present both prior to and during incarceration. Identifying associated risk factors to implement appropriate interventions is critically important in correctional settings. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV co-infection among inmates at Thu Duc Prison, C10 Department, Ministry of Public Security in 2025–2026. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 433 inmates serving sentences at Thu Duc Prison, C10 Department, during 2025–2026. Results: The HBV/HIV coinfection rate was 8.5%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified several associated factors: aged ≥40 years had a higher likelihood of co-infection (aOR = 7.882; 95% CI: 3.506– 17.724; p < 0.001). Male inmates had a higher co-infection rate (aOR = 6.797; 95% CI: 2.263–20.414; p = 0.001). Participants with education level ≥ lower secondary school had higher odds of co-infection (aOR = 3.385; 95% CI: 1.507–7.605; p = 0.003). Inmates who shared nail-clipping tools had a significantly higher co-infection rate compared with those who did not share such items (aOR = 11.548; 95% CI: 3.476–38.368; p < 0.001). Participants reporting sexual activity within the prison had markedly higher odds of co-infection compared with those without such behavior (aOR = 101.369; 95% CI: 7.111–1445.11; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV/HIV co-infection was 8.5%. Routine HBV and HIV screening should be implemented for all inmates, with priority given to highrisk groups, including individuals aged ≥40 years, males, those with education level ≥ lower secondary school, and inmates with a history of sexual activity in prison.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDICAL MOTIVATION AND UNIVERSITY ADAPTATION AMONG FIRST-YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

Thi Truc Quynh Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: First-year medical students often experience difficulties when transitioning from high school to university, particularly in the context of an intensive competency-oriented medical curriculum. Objectives: To analyze the association between medical motivation and adaptation among first-year medical students at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components was conducted among 790 first-year full-time medical students at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy from April 2025 to January 2026. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing medical learning motivation and the College Adjustment Test (CAT). Linear regression analysis was applied to determine the associations. Results: The mean adaptation score of students was 71.2±14.3. In the univariate analysis, intrinsic motivation factors, including “interest in medicine and desire for in-depth learning” (B = 3.93; p<0.001) and “passion for scientific research” (B = 3.19; p = 0.009) were positively associated with CAT scores. Among extrinsic motivation factors, “financial stability and high income” was significantly associated with CAT scores (B = 2.74; p = 0.008). Multivariable regression analysis showed that four intrinsic motivation factors: “interest in medicine,” “passion for research,” “desire to help patients,” and “interest in personal development”, together with “financial stability” were independently associated with higher adaptation scores. Conclusions: First-year medical students demonstrated a moderate level of adaptation. Adaptation was associated with several intrinsic motivation factors and financial stability; therefore, student support activities should foster internal career goals and reduce pragmatic pressures during the transition period.

30-DAY MORTALITY AND THE PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF CLINICAL SCORING SYSTEMS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

Truong Khanh Huynh — 2026-07-25

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide. Early identification of mortality risk at admission helps optimize treatment strategies and stratification. Objectives: To determine the 30-day mortality rate and evaluate the prognostic value of the CURB-65, PSI, qSOFA, and NEWS2 scoring systems in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Materials and methods: A prospective, longitudinal observational study was conducted on 140 patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and admitted to Can Tho Central General Hospital and Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2025 to January 2026. The CURB-65, PSI, qSOFA, and NEWS2 scores were calculated at admission. Patients were followed for 30-day mortality outcomes. Results: Among a total of 140 hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia, 36 cases (25.7%) died within 30 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that septic shock was an independent risk factor associated with mortality (OR = 35.0; 95% CI: 10.55 – 116.09; p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that the NEWS2 score had the best prognostic value for mortality, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.66 (p = 0.004). At the optimal cut-off value of ≥ 7 points, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.6% and 52.9%, respectively. The CURB-65, PSI, and qSOFA scores did not yield statistically significant prognostic values. Conclusions: Septic shock is an independent risk factor for mortality. The NEWS2 score demonstrates superior prognostic value for mortality compared to CURB-65, PSI, and qSOFA, facilitating effective risk stratification upon hospital admission.

QUALITY OF THE MESOCOLIC SPECIMEN AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SELECTED ONCOLOGIC RADICALITY FACTORS IN LAPAROSCOPIC COLON CANCER SURGERY

Van Doi Mai — 2026-07-25

Background: The quality of the mesocolic specimen is a factor of adherence to embryological dissection planes and oncologic surgical quality. However, data on this parameter in laparoscopic colon cancer surgery in Vietnam remain limited. Objectives:To evaluate the quality of the mesocolic specimen and to analyze its association with selected oncologic radicality factors in laparoscopic colon cancer surgery. Materials and methods: This prospective descriptive study included 55 patients with colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from May 2024 to December 2025. Results: Good-quality mesocolic specimens were achieved in 87.3% of cases, while 12.7% were classified as moderate. The mean lymph node yield was 13.94 ± 3.44 nodes, and the rate of retrieval of at least 12 lymph nodes was 84.1%. No case had a positive resection margin. A circumferential resection margin (CRM) greater than 1 mm was observed in 78.2% of cases. Specimen quality was significantly associated with nodal stage when analyzed across three categories (N0, N1, and N2) (p=0.002), tumor invasion depth (T stage) (p=0.005), tumor size (p=0.036), and circumferential resection margin (p=0.004). Conclusions: Most mesocolic specimens achieved good quality in laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer. Specimen quality was associated with tumor progression, the extent of regional nodal metastasis, and circumferential resection margin. Assessment of mesocolic specimen quality may contribute to the evaluation of local oncologic surgical quality and help guide postoperative management.

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCIATICA PAIN TREATMENT DUE TO DISC HERNIATION USING LONG-NEEDLE ELECTROACUPUNCTURE, ACUPRESSURE MASSAGE AND SPINAL STRETCHING COMBINED WITH OP.ZEN TABLETS

Hong Bac Trinh — 2026-07-25

Background: Sciatica caused by disc herniation is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts patients' productivity and daily living. It is essential to develop integrated protocols combining Traditional Medicine and rehabilitation to enhance the efficacy of conservative treatment. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of treating sciatica due to herniated disc using long-needle electroacupuncture, acupressure massage and spinal stretching combined with op.zen tablets at Kien Giang Traditional Medicine Hospital during 2025-2026. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 inpatients. The study group (n=45) received long-needle electroacupuncture, acupressure massage and spinal stretching combined with op.zen tablets. The control group (n=45) did not receive long-needle electroacupuncture. VAS, Lasègue, and ODI scores were used for evaluation after 14 days of treatment. Results: Following 14 days of intervention, significant clinical recovery was recorded in the study group. Specifically, VAS scores dropped from 8.67 ± 1.30 to 1.51 ± 0.66 points, with a good pain relief rate of 57.8%, the Lasègue sign increased from 47.24 ± 3.84 to 75.49 ± 3.98 points, indicating a good result of 88.9%, and the ODI score increased from 31.76 ± 3.55 to 84.89 ± 6.35 points, representing a good improvement of 84.4%. Conclusion: The therapeutic combination of long-needle electroacupuncture, acupressure, spinal stretching, and op.zen tablets enhances pain relief and promotes the recovery of physical mobility in patients.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH ACUPRESSURE MASSAGE, MAGNETIC THERAPY, AND PHARMACEUTICAL MEDICINE IN THE TREATMENT OF DEGENERATIVE LOW BACK PAIN

Thi Thu That Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Low back pain is one of the leading causes of work disability and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden due to prolonged treatment, frequent recurrence, and long-term impairment in quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of degenerative low back pain using electroacupuncture combined with acupressure massage, magnetic therapy, and “Doc hoat tang ky sinh TW 3” capsules. Materials and methods: A prospective interventional clinical study was conducted on 90 inpatients with degenerative lumbar spine-related low back pain at Kien Giang Traditional Medicine Hospital. Results: Most patients were aged ≥ 60 years (64.4%), female (83.3%), manual workers (54.4%), and had a disease duration of 1 to ≤ 6 months (72.2%). After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the overall treatment success rates were 34.4% and 73.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). All clinical parameters showed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001): median VAS decreased from 7 to 4 and 2 points, Schober index increased from 11 cm to 13 cm, fingertip-to-floor distance decreased from 32 cm to 18.5 cm and 10 cm, and median ODI decreased from 25 to 16 and 9 points. Conclusions: The combined regimen of electroacupuncture, acupressure massage, magnetic therapy, and “Doc hoat tang ky sinh TW 3” capsules demonstrated significant effectiveness in pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with degenerative lumbar spine-related low back pain.

OUTCOMES OF PEDIATRIC TIBIAL SHAFT FRACTURES USING ELASTIC STABLE INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING

Quang Vinh Vo — 2026-07-25

Background: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) remains a widely accepted treatment option for tibial shaft fractures in children. Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of pediatric tibial shaft fractures managed with elastic stable intramedullary nailing. Materials and methods: A prospective single-arm interventional study was conducted on 29 pediatric patients aged 7 to 15 years who were treated at the Department of Orthopedics, Can Tho Children’s Hospital, from March 2025 to February 2026. Results: The bone union rate at 3 months was 79.31%. Postoperative limb length discrepancy was less than 1 cm in 100% of cases. Angular deformity of less than 5° was 82.76%. According to the Flynn criteria, overall outcomes were excellent in 79.31% and good in 20.69% of cases, with no poor outcomes recorded. Conclusion: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing under fluoroscopic is a safe and effective method for the management of pediatric tibial shaft fractures.

EFFICACY OF NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL TREATMENT COMBINED WITH BLUE-M GEL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Duy Huy Tran — 2026-07-25

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, associated with various systemic and local factors, which diminishes the quality of life, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease. In addition to mechanical debridement to remove bacteria and biofilms, non-surgical periodontal treatment may incorporate local antimicrobial agents such as Blue-M gel. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment combined with Blue-M gel in patients with chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 72 kidney disease patients with chronic kidney disease and periodontitis treated at Phu Nhuan General Hospital from June 2025 to February 2026. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups receiving non-surgical periodontal treatment with or without Blue-M gel. Data collected included age, sex, stage of chronic kidney disease, and periodontal parameters (PI, GI, mSBI, PPD, and CAL) assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Results: After 3 months, clinical periodontal indices in both groups decreased significantly compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Notably, the Blue-M gel group exhibited significantly lower PPD, CAL, and mSBI scores than the control group (p < 0.05). The mean reductions in PPD, CAL, and mSBI were also significantly greater in the Blue-M gel group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Non-surgical periodontal treatment combined with Blue-M gel yields superior efficacy compared to conventional non-surgical treatment alone. Blue-M gel serves as a safe and highly effective adjunctive therapy, particularly for patients with kidney disease.

PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE DAY-7 TO DAY-1 𝛃-HCG RATIO IN THE TREATMENT OF UNRUPTURED ECTOPIC PREGNANCY WITH SINGLE- DOSE METHOTREXATE AT CAN THO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY HOSPITAL IN 2024-2026

Minh Tuan Doan — 2026-07-25

Background: Unruptured ectopic pregnancy is a common obstetric emergency in clinical practice, especially in women of reproductive age. If detected early when the patient is hemodynamically stable, medical treatment with a single dose of Methotrexate is considered an effective conservative method, avoiding surgery and help preserve natural fertility. However, post– treatment monitoring plays a crucial role in assessing response and early detection of treatment failure. Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of the β-hCG ratio on day 7 versus day 1 in the treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy with a single dose of Methotrexate. Materials and methods: A single– cohort study was conducted on 141 patients with ectopic pregnancy treated with a single dose of Methotrexate at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from 2024 to 2026. Results: The mean age was 30.96 ± 6.371, the 20–35 age group accounted for 71.6%. Common symptoms included delayed menstruation (61.7%), vaginal bleeding (72.3%), and abdominal pain (70.2%). The highest percentage of β-hCG levels ranged from 1000–3000 mIU/ml (57,4%). The success rate after a single dose of Methotrexate was 61%, the overall success rate was 91.5%. A βhCG reduction of ≥10.6% from day 1 to day 7 had a positive predictive value of 90.8%, sensitivity of 80,2%, and specificity of 87.3% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Single– dose Methotrexate is an effective treatment for unruptured ectopic pregnancy. A decrease in β-hCG of ≥10,6% between day 1 and day 7 is a reliable prognostic factor and can be used in monitoring and predicting treatment outcomes.

ASSESSING ANRIL GENE POLYMORPHISM CHARACTERISTICS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CORONARY ARTERY SYNDROME IN CAN THO CITY IN 2025-2026

Viet An Tran — 2026-07-25

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ANRIL gene, have been suggested to be associated with CCS. However, data regarding the distribution of these polymorphisms in Vietnamese patients remain limited. Objectives: To investigate the frequencies of three ANRIL polymorphisms (rs1333040, rs1333049, and rs2383207) and their cardiovascular related factors in patients with chronic coronary syndrome. Materials and methods: A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted in 148 patients diagnosed with chronic coronary syndrome at 5 hospitals in Can Tho City from 2025 to 2026. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and cardiovascular risk factors were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the study population was 60.06 ± 9.86 years, and 62.2% of participants were male. The genotype frequencies of rs1333040 were TT 33.1%, CT 43.9%, and CC 23.0%; for rs1333049, GG 43.9%, GC 43.2%, and CC 12.8%; and for rs2383207, GG 38.5%, GA 45.9%, and AA 15.5%. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that, for rs1333040, the dominant genetic model was significantly associated with physical inactivity (OR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.07-13.98; p = 0.039), hypertension (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.50-9.56; p = 0.005), and dyslipidemia (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.39-8.66; p = 0.008). Under the recessive model, rs1333049 was significantly associated with hypertension (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.24-5.56; p = 0.012), whereas rs2383207 was significantly associated with physical inactivity (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.45-6.93; p = 0.004). Conclusions: The rs1333040, rs1333049, and rs2383207 polymorphisms of the ANRIL gene are commonly distributed among Vietnamese patients with chronic coronary syndrome. Certain genetic models were associated with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR NECK–SHOULDER PAIN DUE TO CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS USING THERAPEUTIC EXERCISES, ACUPRESSURE MASSAGE, ELECTROACUPUNCTURE, AND DUONG COT HOAN

Cong Luan Bui — 2026-07-25

Background: Neck–shoulder pain due to cervical spondylosis is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by persistent pain and restricted cervical mobility, significantly impairing quality of life. Objective: Comparison of the effectiveness of therapeutic exercises, acupressure massage, electroacupuncture, and Duong Cot Hoan versus acupressure massage, electroacupuncture, and Duong Cot Hoan in the treatment of neck–shoulder pain due to cervical spondylosis with liver– kidney yin deficiency pattern. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled clinical intervention study was conducted on 88 inpatients with neck and shoulder pain caused by cervical spondylosis at Kien Giang Traditional Medicine Hospital from May 2025 to January 2026. The intervention group (n=44) received electroacupuncture, acupressure massage, therapeutic exercises, and Duong Cot Hoan, while the control group (n =44) received the same regimen without therapeutic exercises. Results: The study was conducted on 88 patients with neck and shoulder pain caused by cervical spondylosis of the Liver–Kidney Yin Deficiency pattern. The mean age was 59.77 ± 10.12 years. Females accounted for a higher proportion than males (67.1% vs. 32.9%). After 14 days of treatment, the mean VAS pain score in the intervention group decreased from 6.43 ± 0.54 to 1.61 ± 0.53, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.02 ± 0.62) (p < 0.05). The proportion of patients with no limitation in cervical spine range of motion reached 84.09% in the intervention group, significantly higher than that in the control group (27.27%) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The treatment regimen combining Health-Preserving Exercises (Duong Sinh exercises),acupressure massage, electroacupuncture, and Duong Cot Hoan was more effective in reducing pain and improving cervical spine range of motion than the regimen without Health-Preserving Exercises.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM PUS SPECIMENS AT CAN THO GENERAL HOSPITAL

Quang Minh Huynh — 2026-07-25

Background: Pyogenic infections are common conditions that impose a considerable treatment burden. The causative bacterial agents are diverse and may vary according to patient characteristics, disease patterns, and healthcare settings. Objectives: To describe the distribution of bacterial pathogens isolated from pus specimens at Can Tho General Hospital during 2023–2024. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 806 bacterial isolates obtained from pus specimens. A convenience sampling method was used. Data on sex, age, clinical department, and bacterial identification results were collected. Bacterial identification was performed using the automated Vitek 2 Compact system. Results: The mean patient age was 60.1 ± 13.4 years; nearly 90% of patients were older than 40 years, and females accounted for 53.3%. Most pus specimens were collected from the Endocrinology Department (52.2%) and the Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (16.1%). The two most prevalent pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (28.0%) and Escherichia coli (19.4%). No significant difference in infection rates of individual pathogens was observed between sexes. The spectrum of pathogens was broader in patients older than 40 years. S. aureus predominated in the Endocrinology (33.0%) and the Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (32.3%), whereas E. coli was the major pathogen in the General Surgery (58.7%) and Outpatient departments (33.3%). Conclusions: Bacterial isolates from pus specimens showed considerable diversity. S. aureus and E. coli were the two predominant pathogens, and their distribution varied according to patient age and clinical department.

EVALUATION OF THE ACUTE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF THE MODIFIED GUIZHI SHAOYAO ZHIMU DECOCTION ON CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED PAW EDEMA IN MICE

Thi My Nhu Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Modified Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu decoction is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis of the wind-damp-heat type. To optimize therapeutic efficacy and leverage the strengths of indigenous medicinal plants such as Piper sarmentosum Roxb., the formula has been modified to enhance its clinical anti-inflammatory capacity. Objectives: To evaluate the acute antiinflammatory effects of the modified Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu decoction on carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. Materials and methods: The acute anti-inflammatory effect of the modified Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu decoction was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema model according to Winter's method. Results: Both dose levels significantly reduced paw swelling with high statistical significance (P<0.001). The dose of 16.934 g/kg/day showed lower efficacy than diclofenac (P<0.05), while the high dose of 33.868 g/kg/day exhibited effects comparable to diclofenac. The average edema inhibition rate of the high-dose group (66.57%) was nearly identical to that of the reference group (66.18%). Conclusions: The modified Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu decoction exhibits significant experimental acute anti-inflammatory effects, particularly at the dose of 33.868 g/kg.

CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT OR METASTATIC HORMONE RECEPTOR–POSITIVE BREAST CANCER

Cao Chien Vo — 2026-07-25

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Approximately 70–80% of cases are hormone receptor–positive, and endocrine therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for recurrent and metastatic hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical features and identify selected associated factors in patients with recurrent and metastatic hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. Materials and methods: A case series of 22 patients diagnosed with recurrent and metastatic hormone receptor–positive breast cancer at Can Tho Oncology Hospital from July 2024 to January 2026. Results: The mean age was 51.86 ± 10.80 years, with the majority of patients aged <60 years (77.3%). A family history of breast cancer was reported in 18.2% of patients. The most common reasons for admission were breast mass (40.9%), pain (36.4%), and dyspnea (22.7%). Most patients had elevated CA 15 – 3 levels (95.5%). The Ki-67 index >15% was observed in 90.9% of cases. Patients aged < 60 years had a higher rate of visceral metastasis than those aged ≥ 60 years (88.2% vs. 20.0%), with a statistically significant association (OR = 10.67, 95% CI: 1.472–77.277; p = 0.009). Conclusions: Most patients with recurrent and metastatic hormone receptor–positive breast cancer had elevated CA 15 – 3 levels, suggesting high tumor biological activity, and age under 60 years may be associated with an increased risk of visceral metastasis.

STUDY ON CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF HAND ECZEMA WITH TOPICAL BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE AT DONG NAI PROVINCIAL DERMATOLOGY HOSPITAL IN 2025-2026

Thi Yen Nhi Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Hand eczema is a common dermatological condition closely associated with occupational factors , with a tendency toward chronic progression in most patients. It presents with varying degrees of pruritus, pain, and burning sensation, significantly impairing quality of life. Diagnosis and management remain challenging, necessitating the avoidance of triggers alongside topical or systemic anti-inflammatory treatments when indicated. Among these, betamethasone dipropionate is a potent topical corticosteroid that rapidly alleviates inflammation and itching; however, it must be used judiciously to minimize adverse effects. Objectives: To describe clinical characteristics and to evaluate the outcomes of topical betamethasone dipropionate treatment for hand eczema at Dong Nai Provincial Dermatology Hospital in 2025-2026. Materials and methods: Case series was carried out on 44 hand eczema patients treated at Dong Nai Provincial Dermatology Hospital in 2025-2026. Results: 50% of patients had a history of atopic dermatitis. The most common clinical manifestations were scaling (84.1%) and erythema (70.5%). The predominant clinical subtypes were irritant/allergic contact dermatitis (75%) and hyperkeratotic eczema (61.4%). After 6 weeks of treatment, the mean Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) score significantly decreased from 15.07 to 11.07 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The predominant primary lesions of hand eczema were scaling and erythema. The most common clinical subtypes were irritant/allergic contact dermatitis and hyperkeratotic eczema. Most patients had moderate disease severity. Treatment outcomes demonstrated that topical Betamethasone dipropionate was effective in managing mild to moderate hand eczema.

STUDY ON LABORATORY TURNAROUND TIME FOR BIOCHEMICAL TESTING AT HOAN MY MINH HAI GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2024-2025

Hong Hat Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Medical laboratories need to know the turnaround time of biochemical testing to improve quality. Objectives: 1. Determine the duration of laboratory testing activities across the three testing phases at Hoan My Minh Hai general hospital in 2024-2025.2. Compare laboratory turnaround time by test category and ordering time. Materials and methods: cross-sectional descriptive study on 1339 blood samples of patients at Hoan My Minh Hai General Hospital from August 1, 2024 to June 30, 2025. Analysis in 3 stages: pre-test, test and post-test. Results:the median time for pre-test, test and post-test work was 18(15-22) minutes, 21(15-30) minutes and 4(28) minutes, respectively. The time taken on saturday was different from the other days of the week (p=0,009). Conclusion: The analytical phase exhibited the longest processing time, while the postanalytical phase was the shortest. A statistically significant difference was observed for tests ordered on Saturdays compared with those ordered on other days of the week (p<0.05).

SLEEP DISTURBANCES AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC URTICARIA AT CAN THO DERMATO-VENEREOLOGY HOSPITAL IN 2025

Quang Nhan Tran — 2026-07-25

Background: Chronic urticaria is a common dermatological disorder characterized by recurrent wheals lasting for more than six weeks. Nocturnal pruritus may lead to sleep disturbances and impaired quality of life; however, domestic data on this issue remain limited. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and several factors associated with sleep disturbances in patients with chronic urticaria at Can Tho Dermato-Venereology Hospital in 2025. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 133 patients with chronic urticaria. Results: The 36–60 age group accounted for 48.9%; females comprised 52.6%. Urban residents represented 54.1% and manual laborers 64.7%. The majority of patients had a disease duration of 6 weeks–6 months (83.5%) and a negative family history (82%). Disease severity according to UAS7 was predominantly moderate (42.9%) and severe (30.8%), while poor disease control according to UCT was recorded in 98.5%. Poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) affected 72.9%, although 39.8% and 34.6% self-rated their sleep as "fairly good" and "very good," respectively. Specific sleep indices included sleep latency <30 minutes (69.9%), sleep duration >6 hours/night (66.2%), and sleep efficiency ≥75% (69.7%). Additionally, 60.9% of patients used sleep medication and 55.6% experienced daytime dysfunction. Notably, disease severity (UAS7) was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (p < 0.001), whereas epidemiological factors and disease duration showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Sleep disturbances represent a substantial burden among patients with chronic urticaria, manifested by poor sleep quality, nocturnal awakenings, and impaired daytime functioning. The association between UAS7 and PSQI suggests that disease control, particularly control of nocturnal pruritus, plays an important role in improving sleep quality. Sleep assessment should therefore be incorporated into routine management to optimize treatment outcomes and improve patients’ quality of life.

CLINICAL AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF PURULENT MENINGITIS AT VINH LONG GENERAL HOSPITAL

Quang Vinh Nguyen — 2026-07-25

Background: Purulent meningitis is a severe acute infection of the central nervous system characterized by rapid progression and high mortality if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate treatment outcomes of purulent meningitis in adults at Vinh Long General Hospital. Materials and methods: A case series study of 46 patients was conducted on patients aged ≥16 years who were diagnosed with purulent meningitis and treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Vinh Long General Hospital from April 2025 to February 2026. Results: Patients aged ≥60 years accounted for 67.4% of cases, and females accounted for 52.2%. The most common clinical manifestations on admission were fever (97.8%), headache (95.7%), neck stiffness (89.1%), positive Kernig's sign (60.9%), and altered consciousness (47.8%). Laboratory findings showed peripheral leukocytosis with neutrophil predominance, while cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis, elevated protein levels, and decreased glucose levels. After 48 hours of treatment, clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters tended to improve. The mean length of hospital stay was 16.8 ± 3.8 days. The recovery rate was 91.3%. Conclusions: Purulent meningitis in adults predominantly affects older patients, presenting with the classic triad of fever, headache, and meningeal signs. CSF analysis shows typical bacterial infection patterns, with significant improvement after 48 hours of treatment. Overall treatment outcomes were favorable; however, mortality was still observed, particularly in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities.

CORRELATION OF TISSUE OXYGEN SATURATION (StO₂) WITH HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS AND LACTATE IN CHILDREN WITH SEPTIC SHOCK AT CAN THO CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL, IN 2024-2025

Minh Thanh Tran — 2026-07-25

Background: Tissue oxygen saturation (StO₂) is a noninvasive parameter that may support the assessment of tissue perfusion in children with septic shock. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of pediatric septic shock, and to determine the correlations of StO₂ with mean arterial pressure (MAP), shock index, capillary refill time (CRT), lactate, and base excess (BE) at baseline (T0), 6 hours (T6), and 24 hours (T24). Materials and methods: This longitudinal descriptive study included 37 children with septic shock treated at Can Tho Children’s Hospital from 2024 to 2025. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to assess the associations between StO₂ and the study variables at each time point. Results: The median age was 22.0 months (IQR, 7.5–64.5), and 73.0% were male. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (97.3%), tachypnea or dyspnea (81.1%), and altered consciousness (78.4%). At T0, the median pH was 7.37 (IQR, 7.26–7.44), BE was −10.80 mmol/L (IQR, −15.05 to −3.25), and lactate was 4.03 mmol/L (IQR, 2.99–6.83). The in-hospital mortality rate was 40.5% (15/37). StO₂ was inversely correlated with shock index at T6 (r = −0.357; p = 0.030) and T24 (r = −0.395; p = 0.019). At T24, StO₂ was moderately inversely correlated with lactate (r = −0.439; p = 0.007). No significant correlations were observed between StO₂ and MAP, CRT, or BE at the assessed time points. Conclusions: Higher StO₂ was associated with a lower shock index at 6 and 24 hours and with lower lactate at 24 hours. StO₂ may serve as a useful noninvasive adjunct for monitoring hemodynamic status and tissue oxygenation in children with septic shock.